Analisa Pengaruh Zat Aditif N-Butanol Pada B100 Terhadap Kinerja Dan Emisi Mesin Diesel

Fahreza, Reynanda Daffa (2026) Analisa Pengaruh Zat Aditif N-Butanol Pada B100 Terhadap Kinerja Dan Emisi Mesin Diesel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penggunaan Biodiesel B100 berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif mesin diesel, namun viskositasnya yang relatif tinggi dapat memengaruhi proses pembakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penambahan n-butanol terhadap kinerja dan emisi mesin diesel. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana penambahan n-butanol memengaruhi karakteristik bahan bakar, performa mesin, dan emisi gas buang, serta menentukan komposisi campuran yang memberikan hasil paling optimal. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan mesin diesel Yanmar TF85-MH menggunakan tiga variasi bahan bakar, yaitu B100, B95B5, dan B90B10. Pengujian dilakukan pada variasi putaran 1400 rpm sampai dengan2200 rpm dalam kondisi beban parsial. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi viskositas kinematik, nilai kalor, daya, torsi, Specific Fuel Oil Consumption (SFOC), serta emisi NOx, smoke value, dan CO₂. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan n-butanol mampu menurunkan viskositas bahan bakar dan meningkatkan nilai kalor campuran. Campuran B90B10 menghasilkan daya tertinggi sebesar 4,625 kW pada 2000 rpm, torsi maksimum sebesar 22,879 Nm pada 1800 rpm, serta nilai SFOC terendah mendekati 0,250 kg/kWh pada 2200 rpm. Dari sisi emisi, B90B10 menunjukkan nilai NOx, smoke value, dan CO₂ yang lebih rendah dibandingkan B100. Penurunan viskositas membantu bahan bakar lebih mudah mengalir dan lebih baik saat dikabutkan di ruang bakar, sedangkan kandungan oksigen pada n-butanol mendukung proses pembakaran yang lebih baik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, campuran B90B10 menjadi komposisi paling optimal karena memberikan keseimbangan terbaik antara peningkatan performa dan penurunan emisi mesin diesel. Secara keseluruhan, penambahan n-butanol terbukti mengubah sifat fisik dan kimia bahan bakar B100, ditandai dengan penurunan densitas dan viskositas serta peningkatan nilai kalor. Perubahan ini turut meningkatkan performa mesin berupa daya dan torsi yang lebih tinggi, sekaligus menurunkan emisi NOx, smoke value, dan CO₂ dibandingkan B100 murni. Dengan demikian, campuran B90B10 disimpulkan sebagai komposisi paling optimal karena memberikan kompromi terbaik antara peningkatan performa dan penurunan emisi mesin diesel.
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B100 biodiesel has the potential to be used as an alternative fuel for diesel engines, but its relatively high viscosity can affect the combustion process. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding n-butanol on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine. The research question is how the addition of n-butanol affects fuel characteristics, engine performance, and exhaust emissions, as well as to determine the blend composition that yields the most optimal results. The method used was an experiment with a Yanmar TF85-MH diesel engine using three fuel variations: B100, B95B5, and B90B10. Testing was conducted at engine speeds ranging from 1,400 rpm to 2,200 rpm under partial load conditions. The parameters analyzed included kinematic viscosity, heat value, power, torque, Specific Fuel Oil Consumption (SFOC), as well as NOx emissions, smoke value, and CO₂. The test results showed that the addition of n-butanol reduced fuel viscosity and increased the mixture’s heat value. The B90B10 blend produced the highest power output of 4.625 kW at 2,000 rpm, maximum torque of 22.879 Nm at 1,800 rpm, and the lowest SFOC value of approximately 0.250 kg/kWh at 2,200 rpm. In terms of emissions, the B90B10 blend exhibited lower NOx, smoke value, and CO₂ levels compared to B100. The reduced viscosity allows the fuel to flow more easily and atomize better in the combustion chamber, while the oxygen content in n-butanol supports a more efficient combustion process. Based on these results, the B90B10 blend is the most optimal composition because it provides the best balance between improved performance and reduced emissions in diesel engines. Overall, the addition of n-butanol has been shown to alter the physical and chemical properties of B100 fuel, as evidenced by a decrease in density and viscosity and an increase in calorific value. These changes also improve engine performance in the form of higher power and torque, while simultaneously reducing NOx emissions, smoke value, and CO₂ compared to pure B100. Thus, the B90B10 blend is concluded to be the most optimal composition because it offers the best compromise between improved performance and reduced diesel engine emissions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biodiesel B100, Emisi, Mesin Diesel, Performa Biodiesel, Butanol, Diesel Engine, Emissions, Performance
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ324.5 Fuel systems T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359.B46 Biodiesel fuels. V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM731 Marine Engines
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Reynanda Daffa Fahreza
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 08:42
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 08:42
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141344

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