Fabrikasi Dan Analisis Karakteristik Panel Akustik Termal Dari Limbah Egg Tray Dan Plastik

Wibisana, Ghunawan Mandala (2026) Fabrikasi Dan Analisis Karakteristik Panel Akustik Termal Dari Limbah Egg Tray Dan Plastik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan volume limbah plastik dan kertas, termasuk egg tray, di Indonesia disertai meningkatnya kebisingan perkotaan mendorong kebutuhan material insulasi akustik termal alternatif berbasis limbah. Penelitian ini mengembangkan panel akustik termal berbasis egg tray dengan filler polyethylene (PE) dan polyethylene terephthalate (PET) dalam dua konfigurasi, yaitu komposisi (homogen) dan sandwich (berlapis). Variasi sampel yang dibuat adalah ET, ETPE-1/2/3, PE, ETPEs, ETPET-1/2/3, PET, dan ETPETs, dengan total 11 variasi menggunakan perekat polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). Penelitian bertujuan memanfaatkan limbah egg tray dan plastik sebagai bahan baku panel akustik-termal, sekaligus menganalisis pengaruh komposisi dan susunan lapisan terhadap karakteristik fisik, termal, dan akustik panel. Karakterisasi dilakukan terhadap densitas, porositas, konduktivitas termal, koefisien absorbsi, dan sound transmission loss (STL) menggunakan hot plate serta tabung impedansi Brüel & Kjær tipe 4206 mengacu ISO 10534-2 dan ASTM E2611. Hasil menunjukkan densitas tertinggi pada PET (0,5905 g/cm3) dan terendah pada ET (0,2748 g/cm3), sedangkan porositas menunjukkan pola berkebalikan, tertinggi pada ET (34,6050%) dan terendah pada PET (18,0338%), dengan korelasi negatif kuat. Konduktivitas termal meningkat terhadap densitas dan menurun terhadap porositas, tertinggi pada PET (0,2348 W/m.K) dan terendah pada ET (0,1336 W/m.K). Nilai STL tertinggi diperoleh pada ET (13 dB) di frekuensi 3150 Hz, sedangkan koefisien absorbsi menunjukkan dua puncak pada frekuensi rendah (800–1600 Hz) dan tinggi (5000 Hz), dengan NRC tertinggi pada ETPE-2 (0,4588). Hubungan NRC terhadap densitas dan porositas bersifat non-linier, mengindikasikan performa akustik terbaik dicapai pada keseimbangan porositas dan kekakuan struktur. Tidak ditemukan satu komposisi yang optimal pada seluruh parameter, dengan ET unggul pada kinerja termal dan ETPE-2 unggul pada kinerja akustik, sedangkan struktur sandwich ETPEs memiliki konduktivitas lebih rendah namun performa akustik lebih rendah dibandingkan ETPE-2.
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Increasing volumes of plastic and paper waste, including egg trays, in Indonesia, coupled with rising urban noise levels, have driven the need for alternative waste-based thermal-acoustic insulation materials. This study develops an egg-tray-based thermal-acoustic panel incorporating polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fillers in two configurations: composite (homogeneous) and sandwich (layered). The sample variations produced were ET, ETPE-1/2/3, PE, ETPEs, ETPET-1/2/3, PET, and ETPETs, resulting in a total of 11 sample variations bonded with polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive. This study aims to utilize egg tray and plastic waste as raw materials for thermal-acoustic panels, while analyzing the influence of composition and layer arrangement on the physical, thermal, and acoustic characteristics of the panels. Characterization was carried out on density, porosity, thermal conductivity, absorption coefficient, and sound transmission loss (STL) using a hot plate and a Brüel & Kjær Type 4206 impedance tube, referring to ISO 10534-2 and ASTM E2611. Results show the highest density in PET (0.5905 g/cm³) and the lowest in ET (0.2748 g/cm³), while porosity exhibited an inverse pattern, highest in ET (34.6050%) and lowest in PET (18.0338%), with a strong negative correlation. Thermal conductivity increased with density and decreased with porosity, being highest in PET (0.2348 W/m.K) and lowest in ET (0.1336 W/m.K). The highest STL was obtained for ET (13 dB) at 3150 Hz, while the absorption coefficient showed two peaks, at low frequencies (800–1600 Hz) and high frequencies (5000 Hz), with the highest NRC found in ETPE-2 (0.4588). The relationship between NRC and both density and porosity was non-linear, indicating that optimal acoustic performance is achieved through a balance of porosity and structural stiffness. No single composition was optimal across all parameters, with ET excelling in thermal performance and ETPE-2 excelling in acoustic performance, while the sandwich structure ETPEs showed lower thermal conductivity but lower acoustic performance than ETPE-2.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Efisiensi Energi, Egg Tray, Konsumsi dan Produksi Bertanggung Jawab, Lingkungan Perkotaan, Panel Akustik Termal, Acoustic-Thermal Panel, Egg Tray, Energy Efficiency, Responsible Consumption and Production, Urban Environment
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC221 Acoustics. Sound
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ghunawan Mandala Wibisana
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 01:19
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 01:19
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141471

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