Mauludi, Muhammad Dhani (2026) Strategi Kegiatan Pasca Operasi (KPO) Anjungan Lepas Pantai: Pemilihan Kombinasi Kapal dan Penjadwalan Operasional Kapal dengan Pendekatan Simulasi Diskrit. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Berkurangnya cadangan minyak dan gas bumi serta meningkatnya jumlah anjungan lepas pantai yang memasuki akhir masa operasi membutuhkan perencanaan Abandonment and Site Restoration (ASR) atau Kegiatan Pasca Operasi (KPO) yang efektif dan efisien. Salah satu komponen biaya terbesar pada tahap removal berasal dari penggunaan kapal yang dihitung berdasarkan day rate, sehingga durasi operasi dan pola operasional menjadi faktor penting dalam menentukan biaya kegiatan ASR. Penelitian ini mengambil studi kasus offshore platform di sekitar Pulau Sumatra yang direncanakan dibongkar menggunakan metode complete removal dengan tiga alternatif shorebase. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kombinasi kapal dan pola operasional yang paling optimal berdasarkan durasi dan estimasi biaya kegiatan decommissioning. Metode Discrete Event Simulation digunakan untuk memodelkan rangkaian pekerjaan, pergerakan kapal, kondisi cuaca, jam kerja operasional, kecepatan kapal, dan ketersediaan resource. Tiga skenario dibandingkan, yaitu skenario 1 menggunakan 1 AHTS, 1 crane vessel, dan 1 barge dengan operasi serial; skenario 2 menggunakan 2 AHTS, 1 crane vessel, dan 2 barge dengan operasi paralel pada mobilisasi kapal dan pemindahan material hasil pembongkaran; serta skenario 3 menerapkan konsep Simultaneous Operation (SIMOPS) menggunakan 2 AHTS, 1 crane vessel, dan 2 barge melalui pengelompokan platform berdasarkan kedekatan lokasi, sehingga pekerjaan pembongkaran pada platform dalam klaster yang sama dapat dilaksanakan secara paralel. Hasil estimasi biaya dan durasi menunjukkan skenario 1 menghasilkan durasi 916,82 hari dengan biaya $95,429,848.70, skenario 2 menghasilkan durasi 845,87 hari dengan biaya $95,907,750.31, sedangkan skenario 3 menghasilkan durasi 651,87 hari dengan biaya $93,396,166.23. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, skenario 3 dipilih sebagai alternatif paling optimal karena mampu memberikan durasi pelaksanaan tercepat dengan estimasi biaya terendah melalui optimalisasi pola operasi.
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The depletion of oil and gas reserves and the increasing number of offshore platforms reaching the end of their operational life require effective and efficient planning of Abandonment and Site Restoration (ASR) or Post-Operation Activities. One of the largest cost components during the removal stage is associated with vessel utilization, which is calculated based on the day rate. Therefore, operational duration and execution strategies become important factors in determining ASR costs. This study investigates an offshore platform case study located around Sumatra Island, which is planned to be decommissioned using the complete removal method with three alternative shorebases. This study aims to determine the most optimal vessel combination and operational strategy based on the duration and estimated cost of decommissioning activities. The Discrete Event Simulation method was applied to model work sequences, vessel movements, weather conditions, operational working hours, vessel speeds, and resource availability. Three scenarios were compared: scenario 1 using 1 AHTS, 1 crane vessel, and 1 barge with serial operations; scenario 2 using 2 AHTS, 1 crane vessel, and 2 barges with parallel operations for vessel mobilization and transportation of removed materials; and scenario 3 implementing the Simultaneous Operation (SIMOPS) concept using 2 AHTS, 1 crane vessel, and 2 barges through platform clustering based on geographical proximity, allowing decommissioning activities on platforms within the same cluster to be performed in parallel. The estimated duration and cost results showed that Scenario 1 resulted in a duration of 916.82 days with an estimated cost of $95,429,848.70, Scenario 2 resulted in a duration of 845.87 days with an estimated cost of $95,907,750.31, while Scenario 3 resulted in the shortest duration of 651.87 days with the lowest estimated cost of $93,396,166.23. Based on these results, scenario 3 was selected as the most optimal alternative because it provides the shortest execution duration and the lowest estimated cost through improved operational optimization.
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