Perancangan Sistem Pengeringan Kopi Berbasis IoT dengan Pendekatan Environmental Moisture Control untuk UMKM Kopi Wonosalam

Nihara, Akmal Zuhdi (2026) Perancangan Sistem Pengeringan Kopi Berbasis IoT dengan Pendekatan Environmental Moisture Control untuk UMKM Kopi Wonosalam. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pengeringan merupakan tahapan pascapanen kritis yang menentukan kadar air akhir dan kualitas green bean kopi. UMKM kopi Wonosalam masih mengandalkan penjemuran konvensional yang bergantung penuh pada cuaca, tidak memiliki pemantauan suhu dan kelembaban relatif (RH) secara real-time, serta membutuhkan durasi 15 hingga 21 hari per batch. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan loss rate 15 hingga 20 persen, inkonsistensi kualitas antar batch, penurunan proporsi kopi specialty, dan penekanan pendapatan petani secara struktural setiap musim panen. Penelitian ini merancang sistem pengeringan kopi berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) dengan pendekatan Environmental Moisture Control, yaitu pengendalian RH dan sirkulasi udara secara otomatis tanpa sumber panas aktif. Perancangan dilaksanakan dalam lima tahap: identifikasi kebutuhan lapangan melalui genba, perancangan arsitektur sistem, fabrikasi dan implementasi, pengujian unit-integrasi-performa, serta evaluasi kelayakan ekonomi dengan Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) inkremental. Sistem menggunakan PLC Omron CP1E, dua sensor Automa-88 dengan sinyal 4 hingga 20 mA pada titik T1 rak bawah dan T2 rak atas dome, blower exhaust, dehumidifier, HMI Weintek 7 inci, serta dashboard pemantauan berbasis web. Hasil pengujian lapangan menunjukkan sistem memperpendek durasi pengeringan dari 15 hingga 21 hari menjadi 7 hari sambil mempertahankan RH pada rentang target. Analisis BCR pada horizon 5 tahun dengan discount rate 12 persen menghasilkan BCR 20,43, NPV Rp 302,5 juta, dan Payback Period 0,88 bulan aktif. Uji sensitivitas mempertahankan status LAYAK pada seluruh skenario pesimis hingga optimis (BCR 9,64 hingga 23,98). Arsitektur sistem bersifat modular sehingga dapat direplikasi untuk komoditas pascapanen lain.
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Drying is a critical post-harvest stage that determines final moisture content and green bean quality. Coffee SMEs in Wonosalam still rely on conventional sun drying that is fully weather-dependent, lacks real-time monitoring of temperature and relative humidity (RH), and requires 15 to 21 days per batch. This condition results in loss rates of 15 to 20 percent, batch-to-batch quality inconsistency, reduced specialty proportion, and structural pressure on farmer income every harvest season. This study designs an Internet of Things (IoT)-based coffee drying system using an Environmental Moisture Control approach, which automatically regulates RH and airflow without active heat sources. The design was executed in five stages: field needs identification through genba, system architecture design, fabrication and implementation, unit-integration-performance testing, and economic feasibility evaluation using incremental Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The system employs an Omron CP1E PLC, two Automa-88 transmitters with 4 to 20 mA output at T1 (lower rack) and T2 (upper rack) inside the dome, exhaust blowers, a dehumidifier, a 7-inch Weintek HMI, and a web-based monitoring dashboard. Field testing showed the system shortens drying duration from 15 to 21 days down to 7 days while maintaining RH within the target range. BCR analysis over a 5-year horizon at a 12 percent discount rate yielded BCR of 20.43, NPV of IDR 302.5 million, and payback period of 0.88 active months. Sensitivity testing preserved FEASIBLE status across all pessimistic-to-optimistic scenarios (BCR 9.64 to 23.98). The system architecture is modular and can be replicated for other post-harvest commodities.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Internet of Things; pengeringan kopi; Environmental Moisture Control; Benefit-Cost Ratio; UMKM; Wonosalam, Internet of Things; coffee drying; Environmental Moisture Control; Benefit-Cost Ratio; SMEs; Wonosalam
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory > HB846.2 Cost benefit analysis S Agriculture > SB Plant culture T Technology > TS Manufactures T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Akmal Zuhdi Nihara
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2026 05:49
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2026 05:49
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141725

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