ANALISA PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN LOW RANK COAL TERHADAP PERFORMA PLTU 315 MW DAN PERALATAN AUXILIARY BOILER

Meidiana, Raaida Nazeeya (2026) ANALISA PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN LOW RANK COAL TERHADAP PERFORMA PLTU 315 MW DAN PERALATAN AUXILIARY BOILER. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebutuhan energi listrik Indonesia yang terus meningkat bergantung pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) berbahan bakar batubara. Tantangan menipisnya cadangan High Rank Coal mendorong perlunya optimalisasi pemanfaatan Low Rank Coal / LRC yang melimpah di dalam negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penurunan High Heating Value (HHV) dari 4.500 kCal/kg menjadi 3400 kCal/kg serta variasi beban operasi (100%, 75%, dan 50%) terhadap performa PLTU 315 MW dan peralatan auxiliary boiler menggunakan simulasi perangkat lunak Cycle Tempo 5.0. Simulasi diawali dengan pembuatan dan validasi model baseline berdasarkan data operasional PLTU, kemudian dilakukan variasi kondisi pembebanan turbin dan High Heating Value 3400 kCal/kg. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penurunan HHV menyebabkan penurunan daya generator sebesar 36,716 MW, penurunan gross power plant 37,099 MW, dan penurunan net power plant 37,875 MW pada beban 100%. Efisiensi kotor pembangkit mengalami penurunan 4,895%, sedangkan efisiensi bersih turun 4,997%, disertai penurunan efisiensi boiler sebesar 7,75%. Parameter heat rate mengalami kenaikan yakni GPHR sebesar 1.127,274 kW, NPHR sebesar 1.475,559 kW, dan GTHR sebesar 375,727 kW. Konsumsi daya auxiliary total meningkat 776,55 kW pada beban penuh dimana peralatan auxiliary yang paling terdampak adalah IDF dengan peningkatan deviasi konsumsi daya sebesar 71,08%, diikuti oleh PAF 35,81%, FDF 6,94%, dan Coal Mill 10,54%. Penurunan HHV dan beban menyebabkan peningkatan deviasi heat transmitted flow pada APH sebesar 16,94% dan peningkatan massa abu terbang yang terpisahkan oleh ESP sebesar 12,76% pada beban 100%. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan Low Rank Coal tanpa modifikasi peralatan auxiliary boiler yang memadai menurunkan keandalan dan efisiensi operasi PLTU secara keseluruhan.
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Indonesia's increasing electricity demand continues to rely on coal-fired Steam Power Plants (PLTU). The challenge of depleting high-rank coal reserves has driven the need to optimize the utilization of low-rank coal (LRC), which is abundant domestically. This study aims to analyze the effect of decreasing High Heating Value (HHV) from 4,500 kCal/kg to 3,400 kCal/kg and load variations (100%, 75%, and 50%) on the performance of a 315 MW PLTU and auxiliary boiler equipment using Cycle Tempo 5.0 simulation software. The simulation began with the development and validation of a baseline model based on PLTU operational data, followed by variations in turbine loading conditions and High Heating Value at 3,400 kCal/kg. The simulation results show that the decrease in HHV caused a reduction of 36.716 MW in generator output power, 37.099 MW in gross power plant, and 37.875 MW in net power plant at 100% load. Gross plant efficiency decreased by 4.895%, while net efficiency declined by 4.997%, accompanied by a 7.75% decrease in boiler efficiency. Heat rate parameters increased, with GPHR rising by 1,127.274 kW, NPHR by 1,475.559 kW, and GTHR by 375.727 kW. Total auxiliary power consumption increased by 776.55 kW at full load, with the most affected auxiliary equipment being the IDF, which experienced a 71.08% deviation increase in power consumption, followed by PAF (35.81%), FDF (6.94%), and Coal Mill (10.54%). The decrease in HHV and load caused a 16.94% deviation increase in heat transmitted flow in the APH and a 12.76% increase in separated fly ash mass by the ESP at 100% load. This study proves that Low Rank Coal utilization without adequate auxiliary boiler equipment modifications reduces the overall reliability and efficiency of PLTU operations.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Auxiliary, Higher Heating Value (HHV), Low Rank Coal (LRC) Auxiliary, Higher Heating Value (HHV), Low Rank Coal (LRC)
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC320 Heat transfer
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Raaida Nazeeya Meidiana
Date Deposited:	02 Aug 2026 19:36
Last Modified:	02 Aug 2026 19:36
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141834

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