Putra, I Made Raghayana Ersa (2026) Studi Eksperimental Perbandingan Karakteristik Fisika Berdasarkan SNI 7064:2014 dan Mikrostruktur Semen Geopolimer Berbasis Fly Ash Tipe F terhadap Semen Portland Komposit (PCC). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Semen geopolimer merupakan material pengikat alternatif yang dikembangkan sebagai upaya mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap semen portland sekaligus menekan dampak lingkungan dari industri semen. Salah satu metode pembuatannya adalah dry mixing, yaitu pencampuran seluruh material dalam kondisi kering sehingga menghasilkan semen geopolimer berbentuk serbuk yang penggunaannya menyerupai semen konvensional. Meskipun demikian, karakteristik fisika dan mikrostruktur semen geopolimer hasil metode dry mixing masih memerlukan kajian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui tingkat kesetaraannya terhadap semen portland komposit (PCC).
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan fly ash tipe F sebagai material prekursor dan aktivator alkali berupa NaOH serta Na₂SiO₃·5H₂O dengan rasio 1:1. Variasi molaritas NaOH yang digunakan adalah 8M, 10M, dan 12M. Tahapan penelitian meliputi karakterisasi material penyusun melalui pengujian berat jenis fly ash, Loss on Ignition (LOI), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Particle Size Distribution (PSD), dan karakterisasi agregat halus. Selanjutnya dilakukan karakterisasi semen berupa berat jenis dan konsistensi normal, analisis mikrostruktur menggunakan X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), dan Scanning Electron Microscope–Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX), serta pengujian karakteristik fisika yang meliputi kehalusan, kekekalan bentuk, waktu ikat, kuat tekan mortar, kandungan udara mortar, dan pengikatan semu.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semen geopolimer memiliki berat jenis lebih rendah, kebutuhan air lebih sedikit, dan kehalusan lebih tinggi dibandingkan PCC. Analisis mikrostruktur menunjukkan semen geopolimer didominasi senyawa aluminosilikat dengan morfologi partikel berbentuk spherical, sedangkan PCC didominasi senyawa berbasis kalsium dengan partikel berbentuk angular. Seluruh variasi semen geopolimer memenuhi persyaratan pada parameter kehalusan, kekekalan bentuk, dan kandungan udara mortar, namun belum sepenuhnya memenuhi karakteristik waktu ikat, kuat tekan, dan pengikatan semu. Di antara seluruh variasi, semen geopolimer dengan molaritas NaOH 12M memberikan performa terbaik dan karakteristik yang paling mendekati PCC. Variasi ini memenuhi sebagian besar parameter pengujian fisika, yaitu kehalusan, waktu ikat, kandungan udara mortar, dan kuat tekan umur 7 serta 28 hari, namun masih belum memenuhi persyaratan kuat tekan umur 3 hari dan pengikatan semu.
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Geopolymer cement is an alternative binding material developed to reduce dependence on Portland cement while minimizing the environmental impacts associated with the cement industry. One of its production methods is the dry mixing method, in which all constituent materials are blended in a dry state to produce geopolymer cement in powder form with characteristics similar to those of conventional cement. However, the physical properties and microstructural characteristics of geopolymer cement produced using the dry mixing method still require further investigation to evaluate its comparability with Portland Composite Cement (PCC).
This study employed an experimental method using Class F fly ash as the precursor material and alkaline activators consisting of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate pentahydrate (Na₂SiO₃·5H₂O) at an activator ratio of 1:1. The NaOH molarity was varied at 8 M, 10 M, and 12 M. The research stages included characterization of the constituent materials through specific gravity, Loss on Ignition (LOI), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Particle Size Distribution (PSD), and fine aggregate characterization. Subsequently, cement characterization was conducted through specific gravity and normal consistency tests, microstructural analysis using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), followed by physical property testing, including fineness, soundness, setting time, mortar compressive strength, mortar air content, and false set.
The results showed that the geopolymer cement had a lower specific gravity, required less mixing water, and exhibited higher fineness than Portland Composite Cement (PCC). Microstructural analysis revealed that the geopolymer cement was predominantly composed of aluminosilicate compounds with a spherical particle morphology, whereas PCC was dominated by calcium-based compounds with an angular particle morphology. All geopolymer cement mixtures satisfied the requirements for fineness, soundness, and mortar air content; however, they did not fully meet the requirements for setting time, compressive strength, and false set. Among all mixtures, the geopolymer cement prepared with 12 M NaOH exhibited the best performance and characteristics most comparable to PCC. This mixture satisfied most of the physical performance parameters, including fineness, setting time, mortar air content, and compressive strength at 7 and 28 days, but it still did not meet the requirements for 3-day compressive strength and false set.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Fly Ash Tipe F, Karakterisasi Fisika, Mikrostruktur, Semen Geopolimer, Semen Portland Komposit (PCC), Class F Fly Ash, Microstructure, Physical Characterization, Geopolymer Cement, Portland Composite Cement (PCC) |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD9622 Cement. Concrete. Cement and concrete additives T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.16 Materials--Testing. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA433 Strength of materials. T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy > TN295 Fly ash |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > 22301-Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4) |
| Depositing User: | I Made Raghayana Ersa Putra |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Aug 2026 02:42 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Aug 2026 02:42 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141860 |
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