Pemanfaatan Limbah Industri Iron Silicate dan Copper Slag sebagai Material Substitusi pada Beton

Tsabita, Faiza Gadis (2026) Pemanfaatan Limbah Industri Iron Silicate dan Copper Slag sebagai Material Substitusi pada Beton. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pemanfaatan limbah industri sebagai substitusi agregat halus merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi eksploitasi sumber daya alam sekaligus meningkatkan keberlanjutan konstruksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan iron silicate (IS) yang dikombinasikan dengan copper slag (CS) sebagai substitusi agregat halus terhadap performa beton serta menentukan komposisi substitusi optimum. Variasi campuran yang digunakan meliputi beton kontrol, IS10CS10, IS30CS10, IS50CS10, dan IS30. Karakterisasi material dilakukan menggunakan XRF, XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR, dan TGA. Performa beton dievaluasi melalui pengujian sifat beton segar (workability, panas hidrasi, dan susut), sifat mekanik (kuat tekan, kuat tarik belah, dan kuat lentur), durabilitas (porositas, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), rapid chloride penetration test (RCPT), dan reaksi alkali-silika), serta densitas beton. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan IS dan CS menurunkan nilai slump dari 250 mm menjadi 170–190 mm sehingga kebutuhan superplasticizer meningkat dari 0,50% menjadi 0,55–0,95%. Kuat tekan beton meningkat sekitar 1,68%–11,32% dibandingkan beton kontrol, sedangkan kuat tarik belah meningkat hingga 30,46% dan kuat lentur meningkat hingga 15,49%. Dari aspek durabilitas, porositas total menurun dari 18,82% menjadi 18,15%, nilai UPV meningkat dari 4553,25 m/s menjadi 4566,38 m/s, serta nilai RCPT menurun dari 4238,61 Coulombs (kategori high) menjadi 2153,67 Coulombs (kategori moderate). Selain itu, penggunaan IS dan CS mampu menurunkan ekspansi akibat reaksi alkali-silika dibandingkan pasir alam serta meningkatkan densitas beton. Berdasarkan evaluasi seluruh parameter, variasi IS50CS10 memberikan performa terbaik dengan kuat tekan 51,85 MPa, kuat tarik belah 3,92 MPa, kuat lentur 6,19 MPa, porositas total terendah 18,15%, UPV tertinggi 4566,38 m/s, dan nilai RCPT terendah 2153,67 Coulombs. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi 50% iron silicate dan 10% copper slag berpotensi menjadi alternatif substitusi agregat halus yang mampu meningkatkan durabilitas beton sekaligus mendukung pemanfaatan limbah industri dan pengurangan penggunaan agregat alam.
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The utilization of industrial by-products as fine aggregate substitutes is a promising approach to reducing natural resource depletion while promoting sustainable concrete production. This study aimed to investigate the effect of iron silicate (IS) combined with copper slag (CS) as partial replacements for natural fine aggregate on concrete performance and to determine the optimum substitution proportion. Five concrete mixtures were prepared, namely a control mix, IS10CS10, IS30CS10, IS50CS10, and IS30. The raw materials were characterized using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Concrete performance was evaluated through fresh properties (workability, heat of hydration, and drying shrinkage), mechanical properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength), durability (porosity, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), rapid chloride penetration test (RCPT), and alkali–silica reaction (ASR)), and hardened concrete density. The results showed that incorporating IS and CS reduced the slump from 250 mm to 170–190 mm, requiring an increase in superplasticizer dosage from 0.50% to 0.55–0.95%. The compressive strength of the concrete increased by approximately 1.68%–11.32% compared to the control concrete, whereas the splitting tensile strength and flexural strength increased by up to 30.46% and 15.49%, respectively. In terms of durability, the total porosity decreased from 18.82% to 18.15%, the UPV increased from 4553.25 m/s to 4566.38 m/s, and the RCPT value decreased from 4238.61 Coulombs (high chloride penetrability) to 2153.67 Coulombs (moderate chloride penetrability). In addition, the incorporation of IS and CS reduced ASR expansion and increased the hardened concrete density compared with the control. Among all mixtures, IS50CS10 exhibited the best overall performance, achieving a compressive strength of 51.85 MPa, splitting tensile strength of 3.92 MPa, flexural strength of 6.19 MPa, the lowest total porosity (18.15%), the highest UPV (4566.38 m/s), and the lowest RCPT value (2153.67 Coulombs). These findings indicate that the combination of 50% iron silicate and 10% copper slag is a promising alternative fine aggregate replacement for producing durable concrete while supporting industrial waste utilization and reducing the consumption of natural aggregates.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Iron Silicate, Copper Slag, Substitusi Agregat Halus, Performa Beton, SDGs, Iron Silicate, Copper Slag, Fine Aggregate Substitution, Concrete Performance, SDGs
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QC Physics T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Faiza Gadis Tsabita
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 07:35
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 07:35
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141950

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