Wulandari, Lia Nanda (2026) Studi Numerik Aliran Optimalisasi Design Ducting Untuk Meminimalisir Energy Loss Pada Aliran Turbulen Square Duct Downstream Induce Draft Fan PLTU 650 MW. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penurunan kualitas batu bara nasional memaksa PLTU beroperasi dengan batu bara kalori rendah yang menghasilkan residu pembakaran lebih tinggi, sehingga meningkatkan beban kerja Induced Draft Fan (ID Fan) akibat perubahan arah aliran pada ducting downstream yang memicu separasi aliran, vortex, peningkatan intensitas turbulensi, dan pressure drop. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik aliran internal serta mengevaluasi beberapa konfigurasi ducting untuk menentukan desain yang paling efektif dalam meminimalkan kerugian energi dan menstabilkan aliran gas buang. Analisis dilakukan secara numerik menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) pada ANSYS 2025 R1 dengan model turbulensi k–ω Shear Stress Transport (SST), dengan membandingkan empat konfigurasi geometri, yaitu Existing, satu Guide Vane (GV1), empat Guide Vane (GV4), dan No GV r/W, berdasarkan distribusi kecepatan, pressure total, pressure drop, intensitas turbulensi, temperatur, error mass balance, serta vorticity. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi No GV r/W menghasilkan pressure drop terendah sebesar 322,26 Pa dibandingkan kondisi Existing sebesar 326,73 Pa (penurunan 4,47 Pa atau sekitar 1,37%), sedangkan konfigurasi GV4 memberikan pressure drop 345,09 Pa (naik 5,62% terhadap Existing) namun mampu menurunkan turbulent intensity outlet dari 223,65% menjadi 184,94% (turun 17,31%) dan menekan error mass balance dari 0,20% menjadi 0,01% (turun 95%). Selain itu, pada konfigurasi GV4 pressure total meningkat dari 241,47 Pa menjadi 385,49 Pa (naik 59,64%), velocity outlet dari 20,81 m/s menjadi 22,15 m/s (naik 6,44%), temperature outlet dari 409,66 K menjadi 419,56 K (naik 2,42%), dan vorticity magnitude tetap relatif stabil (turun sekitar 0,16%), menunjukkan aliran yang lebih terarah dengan turbulensi dan kesalahan neraca massa yang lebih terkendali. Dengan mempertimbangkan bahwa No GV r/W memberikan pressure drop paling rendah sedangkan GV4 menawarkan keseimbangan terbaik antara pressure drop, turbulensi, dan kualitas solusi numerik, konfigurasi GV4 direkomendasikan sebagai desain ducting yang paling optimal untuk mengurangi kerugian energi turbulen dan membantu meringankan beban kerja ID Fan secara keseluruhan.
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The decline in national coal quality forces coal-fired power plants to operate with low-calorific coal that generates higher combustion residue, thereby increasing the workload of the Induced Draft Fan (ID Fan). One approach to reducing the load on the ID Fan is to modify the elbow-shaped downstream ducting design, since this configuration promotes flow separation, vortices, increased turbulence intensity, and pressure drop. This study aims to analyze the internal flow characteristics and to evaluate several ducting configurations in order to identify the most effective design for minimizing energy losses and stabilizing the flue-gas flow. A numerical analysis was conducted using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method in ANSYS 2025 R1 with the k–ω Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model, comparing four geometric configurations—Existing, one Guide Vane (GV1), four Guide Vanes (GV4), and No GV r/W—based on velocity distribution, total pressure, pressure drop, turbulence intensity, temperature, error mass balance, and vorticity. The simulation results show that the No GV r/W configuration yields the lowest pressure drop of 322.26 Pa compared with 326.73 Pa for the Existing configuration (a reduction of 4.47 Pa or about 1.37%), whereas the GV4 configuration produces a pressure drop of 345.09 Pa (an increase of 5.62% relative to Existing) but reduces the turbulent intensity at the outlet from 223.65% to 184.94% (a 17.31% decrease) and lowers the error mass balance from 0.20% to 0.01% (a 95% decrease). In addition, for the GV4 configuration the total pressure increases from 241.47 Pa to 385.49 Pa (59.64%), the outlet velocity from 20.81 m/s to 22.15 m/s (6.44%), the outlet temperature from 409.66 K to 419.56 K (2.42%), while the vorticity magnitude remains nearly unchanged (a decrease of about 0.16%), indicating a more directed flow with better-controlled turbulence and mass-balance error. Considering that No GV r/W provides the lowest pressure drop while GV4 offers the best balance between pressure drop, turbulence, and numerical solution quality, the GV4 configuration is recommended as the most optimal ducting design to reduce turbulent energy losses and alleviate the overall operating load of the ID Fan.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Ducting, Aliran Turbulen, Inlet Guide Vane, Pressure Drop, Vortex, Headloss, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) : Ducting, Aliran Turbulen, Inlet Guide Vane, Pressure Drop, Vortex, Headloss, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) |
| Subjects: | Q Science T Technology > TH Building construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ174 Maintenance and repair of machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ762.E93 Exhaust systems T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ797 Diesel motor--Fuel systems--Testing. T Technology > TS Manufactures |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4) |
| Depositing User: | Lia Nanda Wulandari |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Aug 2026 03:44 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Aug 2026 03:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142082 |
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