Pengaruh Keberadaan Mangrove Dan Tipe Substrat Terhadap Struktur Komunitas Moluska Di Pantai Timur Surabaya

Ibrahim, Nugroho Alif Putranto (2026) Pengaruh Keberadaan Mangrove Dan Tipe Substrat Terhadap Struktur Komunitas Moluska Di Pantai Timur Surabaya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Moluska merupakan salah satu kelompok hewan yang dapat ditemukan di ekosistem mangrove, terutama Gastropoda dan Bivalvia. Ekosistem mangrove menyediakan sumber makanan bagi moluska, seperti mikroalga pada akar mangrove atau kandungan bahan organik pada substrat, yang dipengaruhi oleh tipe substrat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh keberadaan mangrove dan tipe substrat terhadap struktur komunitas moluska di Pantai Timur Surabaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di 4 stasiun dengan variasi keberadaan mangrove dan tipe substrat, yaitu T1 (tanpa mangrove, berlumpur), T2 (tanpa mangrove, berpasir), T3 (mangrove, berlumpur) serta T4 (mangrove, berpasir). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada setiap stasiun dengan membuat 3 plot 10x10 meter dengan terdapat 3 plot lingkaran berdiameter 2 meter di setiap plot sebagai unit pengamatan. Struktur komunitas moluska dianalisis berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H'), kemerataan (E), dominansi (D) dan kekayaan spesies (R). Pengaruh mangrove dan substrat terhadap struktur komunitas moluska dianalisis menggunakan Canonical Correspondence Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan mangrove dan perbedaan tipe substrat menyebabkan perubahan struktur komunitas moluska. Kelimpahan individu lebih tinggi ditemukan pada stasiun tanpa mangrove (161–175 individu) dibandingkan stasiun bermangrove (34–55 individu). Namun stasiun T4 memiliki jumlah spesies tertinggi (12 spesies), dengan stasiun bermangrove didominasi oleh spesies herbivore dan stasiun tanpa mangrove didominasi oleh detritivore, carnivore dan scavenger. Berdasarkan analisis indeks struktur komunitas, Stasiun T1 memiliki H’= 1,39 (sedang), E= 0,758 (tinggi), D= 0,3 (rendah), dan R= 1,109 (rendah). Stasiun T2 menunjukkan H’= 0,353 (rendah), E= 0,214 (rendah), D= 0,858 (tinggi), dan R= 0,849 (rendah) Stasiun T3 memiliki H’= 0,946 (rendah), E= 0,529 (sedang), D= 0,555 (sedang), dan R= 1,014 (rendah). Stasiun T4 dengan H’= 1,054 (sedang), E= 0,727 (tinggi), D= 0,467 (rendah), dan kekayaan spesies tertinggi R= 1,267 (rendah). Analisis CCA menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan mangrove, kandungan dan tipe substrat berpengaruh terhadap struktur komunitas moluska. Keberadaan mangrove sebagai gradien lingkungan utama, diikuti oleh kandungan bahan organik dan tipe substrat dalam menentukan komposisi dan distribusi komunitas moluska di Pantai Timur Surabaya.
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Mollusks are one of the animal groups commonly found in mangrove ecosystems, particularly Gastropoda and Bivalvia. Mangrove ecosystems provide food sources for mollusks, such as microalgae on mangrove roots or organic matter content in the substrate, which is influenced by substrate type. This study aimed to analyze the influence of mangrove presence and substrate type on mollusk community structure in East Surabaya Coastal Area. The research was conducted across 4 stations with varying mangrove presence and substrate types, namely T1 (no mangrove, muddy), T2 (no mangrove, sandy), T3 (mangrove, muddy) and T4 (mangrove,sandy). Sampling was carried out at each station by establishing 3 plots of 10×10 meters, with 3 circular plots of 2 meters in diameter within each plot serving as observation units. Mollusk community structure was analyzed based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), evenness (E), dominance (D), and species richness (R). The influence of mangrove and substrate on mollusk community structure was analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. The results showed that mangrove presence and differences in substrate type caused changes in
mollusk community structure. Higher individual abundance was found at stations without mangrove (161–175 individuals) compared to stations with mangrove (34–55 individuals). However, station T4 had the highest number of species (12 species), with mangrove stations dominated by herbivorous species and non-mangrove stations dominated by detritivores, carnivores, and scavengers. Based on the community structure index analysis, Station T1 had H' = 1.39 (moderate), E = 0.758 (high), D = 0.3 (low), and R = 1.109 (low). Station T2 showed H' = 0.353 (low), E = 0.214 (low), D = 0.858 (high), and R = 0.849 (low). Station T3 had H' = 0.946 (low), E = 0.529 (moderate), D = 0.555 (moderate), and R = 1.014 (low). Station T4 had H' = 1.054 (moderate), E = 0.727 (high), D = 0.467 (low), and the highest species richness, R = 1.267 (low). CCA analysis showed that mangrove presence, organic matter content, and substrate type influenced mollusk community structure, with mangrove presence as the primary environmental gradient, followed by organic matter content and substrate type, in determining the composition and distribution of mollusk communities in East Surabaya Coastal Area.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Mangrove, Moluska, Pantai Timur Surabaya, Struktur Komunitas, Substrat ======================================================================================================================== Community Structure, Mangrove, Mollusc, Substrate, Surabaya East Coast
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nugroho Alif Putranto Ibrahim
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2026 02:44
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2026 02:44
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142096

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