Studi Numerik Pengaruh Variasi Hidrogen Terhadap Karakteristik Performa Dan Emisi Pada LPG Engine Generator Set

Irvansyah, Irvansyah (2026) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Variasi Hidrogen Terhadap Karakteristik Performa Dan Emisi Pada LPG Engine Generator Set. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil dapat dikurangi secara bertahap dengan memanfaatkan alternatif bahan bakar rendah karbon. Berbagai penelitian telah dilakukan guna mempersiapkan teknologi motor pembakaran dalam berbahan bakar hidrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan fraksi energi hidrogen terhadap karakteristik pembakaran, unjuk kerja, serta emisi gas buang pada mesin generator set berkapasitas 389 cc berbahan bakar utama Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). Model numerik tiga dimensi dikembangkan menggunakan perangkat lunak ANSYS Forte dengan domain pemodelan siklus tertutup (simulasi closed-cycle dari -180° CA hingga 180° CA). Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan campuran bahan bakar maksimal 80% LPG dan 20% hidrogen pada rentang variasi rasio lambda(λ) sebesar 0.9 hingga 1.3. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan fraksi hidrogen mempercepat laju perambatan api, yang ditandai dengan bergesernya sudut puncak tekanan dan temperatur mendekati Titik Mati Atas (TMA). Kinerja mesin mengalami peningkatan secara konsisten dibandingkan kondisi standar (100% LPG). Titik operasional paling optimal dicapai pada penggunaan campuran 80% LPG dan 20% hidrogen dengan kondisi lambda (λ) = 1.1, di mana efisiensi termal meningkat sebesar 2,41% menjadi 38,31% dan konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik (ISFC) menurun sebesar 13,94% menjadi 179,10 g/kw-h. Dari segi emisi, terdapat fenomena trade-off di mana penambahan hidrogen secara efektif mereduksi emisi karbon (CO, CO2, CH4, dan UHC), namun memicu peningkatan emisi NOx akibat naiknya temperatur puncak ruang bakar.
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Dependence on fossil fuels can be gradually reduced by utilizing low-carbon alternative fuels. Various studies have been conducted to prepare hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine technologies. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding a hydrogen energy fraction on the combustion characteristics, performance, and exhaust emissions of a 389 cc generator set engine primarily fueled by Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). A three-dimensional numerical model was developed using ANSYS Forte software with a closed-cycle modeling domain (-180° CA to 180° CA). Simulations were conducted using a maximum fuel blend of 80% LPG and 20% hydrogen across a lambda (λ) variation range of 0.9 to 1.3. The simulation results indicate that the addition of the hydrogen energy fraction accelerates the flame propagation rate, characterized by the shift of peak pressure and temperature angles closer to the Top Dead Center (TDC). Engine performance exhibited consistent improvement compared to the baseline condition (100% LPG). The most optimal operational point was achieved using a blend of 80% LPG and 20% hydrogen at lambda (λ) = 1.1, where the indicated thermal efficiency increased by 2.41% to 38.31%, and the indicated specific fuel consumption (ISFC) decreased by 13.94% to 179.10 g/kw-h. Regarding exhaust emissions, a trade-off phenomenon was observed; the addition of hydrogen effectively reduced carbon-based emissions (CO, CO2, CH4, and UHC) but triggered an increase in NOx emissions due to the elevated peak temperature in the combustion chamber.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Emisi, Hidrogen, LPG, Unjuk Kerja,Emissions, Hydrogen, LPG, Performance
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ265.E23 Thermodynamics. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ324.5 Fuel systems T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ785 Internal combustion engines. Spark ignition
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Irvansyah Irvansyah
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 04:30
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 04:40
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142148

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