Analisa Efektivitas Sistem Drencher Dalam Memitigasi Beban Thermal Pada Car Deck Akibat Kebakaran Electric Vehicle Di Kapal Ro-Ro Menggunakan Simulasi FDS

Sari, Nida Atu'umaya (2026) Analisa Efektivitas Sistem Drencher Dalam Memitigasi Beban Thermal Pada Car Deck Akibat Kebakaran Electric Vehicle Di Kapal Ro-Ro Menggunakan Simulasi FDS. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5019221034-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (5MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Pesatnya peningkatan distribusi kendaraan listrik (Electric Vehicle / EV) melalui angkutan laut menghadirkan tantangan keselamatan yang signifikan pada kapal Roll-on/Roll-off (Ro-Ro). Baterry lithium-ion pada EV rentan mengalami thermal runaway yang menghasilkan pelepasan panas ekstrem, sementara upaya pemadaman sering kali terhalang oleh bodi kendaraan (shielding effect). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas sistem pemadam drencher dalam melokalisasi penyebaran panas dan mengevaluasi ketahanan struktur pelat baja geladak (Deck D dan Deck E) dari risiko deformasi termal akibat kebakaran EV. Pemodelan dan simulasi komputasi dinamika fluida dilakukan menggunakan Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) melalui perangkat lunak PyroSim. Skenario disimulasikan selama 20 menit dengan beban kebakaran EV mencapai puncak Heat Release Rate (HRR) 3,0 – 4,0 MW. Hasil ekstraksi data menunjukkan bahwa sistem drencher tidak memadamkan sumber api baterai secara langsung, melainkan sangat efektif menjalankan fungsi mitigasi termal melalui efek pendinginan evaporatif (evaporative cooling effect). Tirai air berhasil memblokir ekspansi suhu inti yang mencapai 460°C, sehingga suhu pada zona jauh (far-field) turun drastis ke rentang aman 15°C hingga 69°C. Selain itu, struktur pelat baja terbukti 100% aman dari degradasi mekanis. Suhu permukaan maksimum pada plafon hanya menyentuh 84°C dan pada pelat lantai 78°C, terlampau jauh di bawah ambang batas kritis kehilangan kuat luluh baja pada 400°C (berdasarkan Eurocode 3). Kesimpulannya, sistem drencher yang aktif penuh mampu mencegah terjadinya deformasi termal (deck buckling) pada geladak kapal Ro-Ro. ===========================================================================================================================
The rapid increase in the maritime distribution of Electric Vehicles (EVs) presents significant safety challenges for Roll-on/Roll-off (Ro-Ro) ships. Lithium-ion batteries in EVs are highly susceptible to thermal runaway, producing extreme heat release, while direct extinguishing efforts are frequently obstructed by the vehicle's body (shielding effect). This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the drencher system in localizing heat spread and to evaluate the thermal resistance of the steel deck structures (Deck D and Deck E) against the risk of thermal deformation caused by EV fires. Computational fluid dynamics modeling and simulation were conducted using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) via PyroSim software. The scenarios were simulated for 20 minutes with the EV fire load reaching a peak Heat Release Rate (HRR) of 3.0 – 4.0 MW. Data extraction results indicate that while the drencher system does not directly extinguish the battery fire source, it is highly effective at performing thermal mitigation through an evaporative cooling effect. The water curtain successfully blocked the expansion of the 460°C core temperature, dropping the temperature in the far-field zones drastically to a safe range of 15°C to 69°C. Furthermore, the steel plate structure proved to be 100% safe from mechanical degradation. The maximum surface temperature reached only 84°C on the ceiling and 78°C on the floor plate, which is significantly below the 400°C critical threshold for steel yield strength loss (based on Eurocode 3). In conclusion, a fully active drencher system is capable of preventing thermal deformation (deck buckling) on Ro-Ro ship decks.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kata kunci Deformasi Termal, HRR, Kapal Ro-Ro, Kendaraan Listrik, Thermal Runaway, Pyrosim, Sistem Drencher. Keywords: Drencher System, Electric Vehicle, Fire Growth, Heat Release Rate, Ro-Ro Ship, Pyrosim, Thermal Runaway, Thermal Deformation.
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VK > VK1258 Ships--Fires and fire prevention
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nida Atu'umaya Sari
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 04:18
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 04:18
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142311

Actions (login required)

View Item