Optimalisasi Parameter 3D Printing Bone Scaffold Berbahan Komposit Polycaprolactone/Hydroxyapatite Menggunakan Metode Direct Ink Writing

Pramudha, Khrisnadi (2026) Optimalisasi Parameter 3D Printing Bone Scaffold Berbahan Komposit Polycaprolactone/Hydroxyapatite Menggunakan Metode Direct Ink Writing. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kelainan dan cacat tulang kritis menjadi tantangan medis signifikan, di mana metode grafting konvensional memiliki risiko komplikasi. Rekayasa jaringan tulang menggunakan bone scaffold menawarkan solusi menjanjikan. Metode in-situ molding telah umum digunakan untuk pembuatan bone scaffold menggunakan material berbahan dasar polycaprolactone (PCL) dan hydroxyapatite (HA) dengan banyak menunjukkan kasus yang berhasil. Namun, masih menunjukkan kerumitan dalam pelaksanaan oleh tenaga medis. Direct Ink Writing (DIW) 3D printing menawarkan solusi untuk mengatasi keterbatasan ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mencari parameter pencetakan yang dapat menghasilkan densitas tertinggi, apparent porosity terendah, dan compressive strength tertinggi. Tinta komposit yang digunakan memiliki komposisi yang terdiri dari PCL dan HA dengan rasio 1:1,5. Pembuatan tinta komposit dimulai dengan mencampur PCL dengan aseton dan stearic acid yang kemudian ditambahkan HA. Sebelum dicetak menggunakan DIW 3D printing, tinta komposit dilakukan uji viskositas untuk memastikan bahwa tinta dapat dicetak menggunakan DIW 3D Printer dan pengujian karakteristik FTIR dan XRD untuk memastikan tidak ada fasa baru yang terbentuk setelah pencampuran. Parameter pencetakan terdiri dari nozzle diameter dengan variasi 1,2, 1,3, dan 1,4 mm, printing speed 10, 12,5, dan 15 mm/s, dan extrusion speed 5, 7,5, dan 10 mm/s. Dari 27 kombinasi parameter yang telah ditentukan, desain eksperimen Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dibuat menggunakan software Minitab menjadi lima belas parameter yang akan dicetak. Pengujian densitas, apparent porosity, dan compression test untuk mencari sifat fisik dan mekaniknya. Data yang didapat dari eksperimen, dimasukkan ke dalam software Minitab untuk didapatkan parameter optimal. Parameter tersebut kemudian dicek ulang melalui eksperimen untuk pembuktian parameter yang telah dikalkulasi secara statistik dan didapatkan nilai densitas memiliki rata-rata 1,278 gr/cm3, porositas 4,281%, dan compressive strength 0,4647 MPa. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian validasi tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa parameter yang optimal untuk mencetak bone scaffold adalah nozzle diameter 1,4 mm, printing speed 10,3535 mm/s, dan extrusion speed 10 mm/s.
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Critical bone abnormalities and defects are becoming a significant medical challenge, where conventional grafting methods have a risk of complications. Bone tissue engineering using bone scaffolds offers a promising solution. The in-situ molding method has been commonly used for the manufacture of bone scaffolds using polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HA) based materials with many successful case shows. However, it still shows complexity in the implementation by medical personnel. Direct Ink Writing (DIW) 3D printing offers a solution to overcome these limitations. This study was conducted to find the printing parameters that can produce the highest density, lowest apparent porosity, and highest compressive strength. The composite ink used has a composition consisting of PCL and HA with a ratio of 1:1.5. The manufacture of composite ink begins by mixing PCL with acetone and stearic acid to which HA is then added. Before being printed using DIW 3D printing, composite inks are subjected to viscosity tests to ensure that the ink can be printed using DIW 3D Printer and FTIR and XRD characteristic testing to ensure no new phases are formed after mixing. The printing parameters consist of nozzle diameters with variations of 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 mm, printing speeds of 10, 12.5, and 15 mm/s, and extrusion speeds of 5, 7.5, and 10 mm/s. Of the 27 parameter combinations that have been determined, the experimental design of the Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is made using Minitab software into fifteen parameters to be printed. Density, apparent porosity, and compression tests to look for their physical and mechanical properties. The data obtained from the experiment is entered into the Minitab software to obtain optimal parameters. The parameters were then re-checked through experiments to prove the parameters that had been statistically calculated and obtained a density value of 1.278 gr/cm3, a porosity of 4.281%, and a compressive strength of 0.4647 MPa. Based on the results of the validation test, it can be concluded that the optimal parameters for printing bone scaffold are nozzle diameter of 1.4 mm, printing speed of 10.3535 mm/s, and extrusion speed of 10 mm/s.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Optimalisasi, Direct Ink Writing, Bone Scaffold, Hydroxyapatite, Polycaprolactone, Optimization, Direct Ink Writing, Bone Scaffold, Polycaprolactone, Hydroxyapatite
Subjects:	R Medicine > RD Surgery > RD755.6 Bone substitutes. T Technology > T Technology (General) > TA404 Materials--Biodegradation T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Khrisnadi Pramudha
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 01:22
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 01:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142568

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