Evaluasi Performa dan Emisi Mesin Diesel Single - Fuel dengan Variasi Campuran Biodiesel dari B-0 Sampai B-100 dan Penambahan Diisopropyl Ether (DIPE)

Wicaksono, Effort Bagus (2026) Evaluasi Performa dan Emisi Mesin Diesel Single - Fuel dengan Variasi Campuran Biodiesel dari B-0 Sampai B-100 dan Penambahan Diisopropyl Ether (DIPE). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan kebutuhan energi global dan tingginya ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil mendorong pengembangan bahan bakar terbarukan yang lebih berkelanjutan. Biodiesel merupakan salah satu alternatif yang potensial digunakan pada mesin diesel, namun memiliki keterbatasan berupa viskositas yang lebih tinggi dan nilai kalor yang lebih rendah dibandingkan solar sehingga dapat memengaruhi performa mesin dan emisi gas buang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penambahan Diisopropyl Ether (DIPE) pada biodiesel berbasis Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dengan variasi campuran B40, B50, dan B100 serta membandingkannya dengan solar murni (B0). Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan mesin diesel Diamond DI 800H pada putaran konstan 1500 rpm dengan variasi beban 1000–5000 W. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi Brake Power (BP), Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), Air–Fuel Ratio (AFR), Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT), serta emisi CO, CO₂, HC, dan NOx. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran B40 + 5% DIPE memberikan performa mesin paling optimal. Pada beban 5000 W, bahan bakar ini menghasilkan BP sebesar 2,74 kW dan BMEP sebesar 531,19 kN/m², meningkat masing-masing sebesar 140,4% dan 139,9% dibandingkan B100. Nilai BTE mencapai 31,557%, atau 93,3% lebih tinggi dibandingkan B100, sedangkan BSFC sebesar 0,274 kg/kWh atau 50,5% lebih rendah dibandingkan B100, yang menunjukkan pemanfaatan energi bahan bakar lebih efisien. Dari aspek emisi, B100 menunjukkan karakteristik paling ramah lingkungan dengan emisi CO sebesar 0,170 %vol, CO₂ sebesar 3,15 %vol, dan NOx sebesar 256 ppm, masing-masing lebih rendah sebesar 26,1%, 16,7%, dan 3,8% dibandingkan B0, serta mampu menurunkan emisi HC sebesar 16,7%. Penambahan DIPE terbukti meningkatkan kualitas pembakaran sehingga mampu menurunkan emisi CO dan HC, namun cenderung meningkatkan emisi NOx akibat temperatur pembakaran yang lebih tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, B40 + 5% DIPE direkomendasikan sebagai campuran bahan bakar dengan performa mesin terbaik, sedangkan B100 merupakan bahan bakar yang paling unggul dari aspek emisi gas buang.
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Increasing global energy demand and high dependence on fossil fuels are driving the development of more sustainable renewable fuels. Biodiesel is a potential alternative for use in diesel engines, but it has limitations in the form of higher viscosity and lower calorific value compared to diesel fuel, which can affect engine performance and exhaust emissions. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding Diisopropyl Ether (DIPE) to Crude Palm Oil (CPO)-based biodiesel with various blends of B40, B50, and B100 and compare it with pure diesel fuel (B0). Tests were conducted using a Diamond DI 800H diesel engine at a constant speed of 1500 rpm with a load variation of 1000–5000 W. Parameters analyzed included Brake Power (BP), Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), Air–Fuel Ratio (AFR), Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT), and CO, CO₂, HC, and NOx emissions. The results showed that the B40 + 5% DIPE mixture provided the most optimal engine performance. At a load of 5000 W, this fuel produced a BP of 2.74 kW and a BMEP of 531.19 kN/m², increasing by 140.4% and 139.9%, respectively, compared to B100. The BTE value reached 31.557% or 93.3% higher than B100, while the BSFC was 0.274 kg/kWh or 50.5% lower than B100, indicating more efficient fuel energy utilization. From the emission aspect, B100 shows the most environmentally friendly characteristics with CO emissions of 0.170%vol, CO₂ of 3.15%vol, and NOx of 256 ppm, respectively lower by 26.1%, 16.7%, and 3.8% compared to B0, and is able to reduce HC emissions by 16.7%. The addition of DIPE has been proven to improve combustion quality so that it can reduce CO and HC emissions, but tends to increase NOx emissions due to higher combustion temperatures. Based on the research results, B40 + 5% DIPE is recommended as a fuel mixture with the best engine performance, while B100 is the most superior fuel in terms of exhaust emissions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ265.E23 Thermodynamics. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ762.E93 Exhaust systems T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ797 Diesel motor--Fuel systems--Testing. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359.B46 Biodiesel fuels.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Effort Bagus Wicaksono
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 01:27
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 01:27
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142594

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