Optimasi Material Reflektor Plywood Berbasis Simulasi Ease 4.3 Untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Akustik Ruang Gedung Balai Budaya Surabaya

Fauziah, Nadia Lailatul (2026) Optimasi Material Reflektor Plywood Berbasis Simulasi Ease 4.3 Untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Akustik Ruang Gedung Balai Budaya Surabaya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Gedung Balai Budaya Surabaya merupakan ruang pertunjukan multifungsi hasil alih fungsi gedung bioskop sehingga kondisi akustiknya perlu dievaluasi agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan pertunjukan seni. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi karakteristik akustik kondisi eksisting serta membandingkan pengaruh modifikasi material plywood sebagai reflektor dan kondisi okupansi melalui simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak EASE 4.3. Pengukuran lapangan dilakukan pada 28 titik area penonton menggunakan metode steady sound dan impulse response untuk memperoleh parameter Background Noise (BN), Noise Criteria (NC), Sound Pressure Level (SPL), waktu dengung (RT), Bass Ratio (BR), Treble Ratio (TR), Clarity (C80), dan Definition (D50). Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan tingkat kebisingan latar sebesar NC-32 hingga NC-36, melebihi rekomendasi NC-20 hingga NC-30. Waktu dengung hasil pengukuran berkisar 0,15 – 1,10 detik, sedangkan hasil simulasi kondisi eksisting berkisar 0,59 – 0,85 detik, yang keduanya masih berada di bawah nilai rekomendasi sekitar 1,1 detik sehingga ruang memiliki karakter akustik yang cenderung kering (dry). Pada frekuensi 1000 Hz, sebanyak 18 dari 28 titik memiliki nilai C80 di atas +4 dB dan 15 dari 28 titik memiliki nilai D50 di bawah 50%, sedangkan nilai rata-rata Speech Transmission Index (STI) simulasi eksisting sebesar 0,685, sehingga ruang lebih sesuai untuk pertunjukan berbasis ujaran dibandingkan pertunjukan musik. Modifikasi material plywood pada Skenario 2 meningkatkan RT menjadi 1,04 – 1,14 detik dan menghasilkan distribusi SPL yang lebih merata, tetapi menurunkan nilai BR menjadi 0,79 dan STI menjadi 0,638. Sementara itu, Skenario 3 menghasilkan RT sebesar 0,97 – 1,06 detik, nilai C80 rata-rata sebesar 1,56 – 1,88 dB, serta nilai STI rata-rata sebesar 0,653 dengan 95% titik memiliki nilai STI ≥ 0,60. Berdasarkan perbandingan kualitatif seluruh parameter akustik, Skenario 3 direkomendasikan sebagai skenario yang memberikan kompromi performa akustik paling seimbang, meskipun pengendalian kebisingan latar dan peningkatan respons frekuensi rendah masih memerlukan penanganan lebih lanjut.
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Gedung Balai Budaya Surabaya is a multifunctional performance hall converted from a former cinema building, and its acoustic condition therefore requires evaluation to ensure suitability for performing arts activities. This study aims to assess the acoustic characteristics of the existing condition and to compare the effects of plywood material modification as a reflector and occupancy conditions through simulation using EASE 4.3 software. Field measurements were conducted at 28 points across the audience area using the steady sound and impulse response methods to obtain the parameters of Background Noise (BN), Noise Criteria (NC), Sound Pressure Level (SPL), Reverberation Time (RT), Bass Ratio (BR), Treble Ratio (TR), Clarity (C80), and Definition (D50). The measurement results show a background noise level of NC-32 to NC-36, exceeding the recommended range of NC-20 to NC-30. The measured reverberation time ranged from 0.15 to 1.10 seconds, while the simulated reverberation time of the existing condition ranged from 0.59 to 0.85 seconds. Both values remain below the recommended value of approximately 1.1 seconds, indicating that the room has a relatively dry acoustic character. At 1000 Hz, 18 of 28 points recorded C80 values above +4 dB, and 15 of 28 points recorded D50 values below 50%, while the average simulated Speech Transmission Index (STI) of the existing condition was 0.685, indicating that the room is more suitable for speech-based performances than for music performances. Modification of the plywood material in Scenario 2 increased the RT to 1.04–1.14 seconds and produced a more even SPL distribution but reduced the BR value to 0.79 and the STI value to 0.638. Meanwhile, Scenario 3 produced an RT of 0.97–1.06 seconds, an average C80 value of 1.56–1.88 dB, and an average STI value of 0.653, with 95% of the measurement points recording STI values ≥ 0.60. Based on a qualitative comparison of all acoustic parameters, Scenario 3 is recommended as the scenario offering the most balanced overall acoustic performance, although background noise control and low-frequency response improvement still require further treatment.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Akustik Ruang, Modifikasi Material Plywood, Ruang Pertunjukan Multifungsi , Simulasi EASE 4.3, Waktu Dengung, EASE 4.3 Simulation, Performing Arts Venue, Plywood Material Modification, Reverberation Time, Room Acoustics
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC221 Acoustics. Sound
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Science > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nadia Lailatul Fauziah
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 02:34
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 02:34
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142598

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