Desain N,S Co-Doped Porous Carbon Melalui Karbonisasi Satu Tahap Dengan Karakteristik Struktur Dan Sifat Permukaan Yang Terkontrol

Elyana, Enggar Ira (2026) Desain N,S Co-Doped Porous Carbon Melalui Karbonisasi Satu Tahap Dengan Karakteristik Struktur Dan Sifat Permukaan Yang Terkontrol. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

N,S co-doped porous carbon (NSPC) menjadi material karbon berpori yang banyak dikembangkan karena kombinasi struktur berpori dan keberadaan heteroatom nitrogen serta sulfur mampu memodifikasi karakteristik struktur dan sifat permukaan material. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji metode karbonisasi satu tahap dengan menggunakan sistem double crucible dengan variasi suhu karbonisasi dan rasio prekusor terhadap karakteristik NSPC. NSPC disintesis dari PPs sebagai prekursor karbon dengan variasi suhu karbonisasi 750 °C dan 850 °C serta rasio PPs : NH4Cl : K2CO3 sebesar 1:1:1 dan 1:3:5. Material hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Analisis adsorpsi-desorpsi N2, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), dan Water Contact Angle (WCA). Hasil XRD menunjukkan seluruh sampel memiliki struktur karbon amorf/turbostratik dengan nilai d-spacing (002) sebesar 3,68-3,82 Å. Analisis Raman menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan rasio prekusor meningkatkan jumlah defect, yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai ID/IG tertinggi sebesar 1,87 pada NSPC-750-2, sedangkan peningkatan suhu karbonisasi menjadi 850 °C menurunkan nilai ID/IG hingga 1,36 yang mengindikasikan peningkatan derajat grafitisasi. Analisis XPS dan FTIR mengonfirmasi keberhasilan introduksi nitrogen dan sulfur ke dalam struktur karbon melalui keberadaan gugus N-5, N-6, C-S-C, dan -SOx, dengan kandungan nitrogen dan sulfur masing-masing sebesar 0,197-7,142% dan 2,115-8,693%. Hasil FESEM menunjukkan terbentuknya struktur karbon berpori, sedangkan hasil PSA menunjukkan distribusi ukuran partikel berada pada rentang nano hingga submikron dengan nilai Polydispersity Index (PI) sebesar 0,19-0,39. Pengujian WCA menghasilkan sudut kontak sebesar 100,55-118,68°, yang menunjukkan seluruh sampel memiliki sifat hidrofobik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu karbonisasi dan rasio dopan berpengaruh terhadap struktur karbon, tingkat defect, komposisi kimia, distribusi ukuran partikel, dan sifat permukaan NSPC, sehingga metode karbonisasi satu tahap berpotensi menghasilkan material karbon berpori dengan karakteristik yang sesuai untuk pengembangan aplikasi adsorpsi dan penyimpanan energi.
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N,S co-doped porous carbon (NSPC) is a functional carbon material that has attracted considerable attention due to the combination of its porous structure and the presence of nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms, which can modify the structural characteristics and surface properties of the material. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a one-step carbonization method using a double-crucible system, with variations in carbonization temperature and dopant ratio, on the characteristics of N,S co-doped porous carbon (NSPC). NSPC was synthesized from PPs as the carbon precursor with carbonization temperatures of 750 °C and 850 °C and PPs : NH4Cl : K2CO3 ratios of 1:1:1 and 1:3:5. The synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and Water Contact Angle (WCA). The XRD results reveal that all samples exhibit an amorphous/turbostratic carbon structure with an interlayer spacing (d002) ranging from 3.68 to 3.82 Å. Raman analysis shows that increasing the dopant ratio increases the structural defect density, as indicated by the highest ID/IG ratio of 1.87 for NSPC-750-2, whereas increasing the carbonization temperature to 850 °C reduces the ID/IG ratio to 1.36, indicating an improvement in the degree of graphitization. XPS and FTIR analyses confirm the successful incorporation of nitrogen and sulfur into the carbon framework through the presence of N-5, N-6, C-S-C, and -SOx, with nitrogen and sulfur contents ranging from 0.197-7.142 % and 2.115-8.693%, respectively. FESEM observations reveal the formation of a porous carbon structure, while, PSA analysis shows particle sizes within the nano- to submicron range with a polydispersity index (PI) of 0.19-0.39. WCA measurements yield contact angles ranging from 100.55° to 118.68°, indicating that all samples exhibit hydrophobic surface characteristics. These results demonstrate that carbonization temperature and dopant ratio significantly influence the carbon structure, defect density, chemical composition, particle size distribution, and surface properties of NSPC. Therefore, the one-step carbonization method offers a promising approach for producing porous carbon materials with characteristics suitable for adsorption and energy storage applications.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Karbon berpori, Karbonisasi satu tahap, N,S co-doping, Sifat permukaan, Karakterisasi Struktur Porous carbon, Karbonisasi satu tahap, N,S co-doping, Surface properties, Structural characteristics
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD481 Chemical structure.
Divisions:	Faculty of Natural Science > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Enggar Ira Elyana
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 02:38
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 02:38
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142608

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