Rancang Bangun Sensor Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) Berbasis Komposit PMMA/PVA/Zirkon (ZrSiO4) sebagai Sensor Larutan Natrium Klorida

Prayoga, Refa Dwi (2026) Rancang Bangun Sensor Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) Berbasis Komposit PMMA/PVA/Zirkon (ZrSiO4) sebagai Sensor Larutan Natrium Klorida. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Salinitas merupakan salah satu parameter penting dalam pemantauan kualitas air karena berhubungan langsung dengan konsentrasi ion terlarut, terutama natrium klorida (NaCl). Perubahan kadar NaCl dapat memengaruhi kestabilan ekosistem perairan, proses budidaya, serta kualitas air pada berbagai aplikasi industri. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sensor salinitas yang memiliki sensitivitas tinggi, biaya rendah, serta tahan terhadap korosi dibandingkan sensor berbasis elektroda konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menguji sensor larutan NaCl berbasis Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) menggunakan komposit polimetil metakrilat (PMMA), polivinil alkohol (PVA), dan zirkon silikat (ZrSiO4) sebagai material sensitif terhadap perubahan konsentrasi larutan natrium klorida (NaCl). Sensor difabrikasi menggunakan metode solution blending dengan beberapa variasi komposisi 100% PMMA, 90% PMMA/10% PVA, 80% PMMA/20% PVA, serta penambahan zirkon (ZrSiO4) sebesar 0,5% untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap sensitivitas dan linearitas sensor. Pengujian dilakukan pada larutan NaCl dengan variasi konsentrasi 0% hingga 3% dengan interval 0,5%. Karakterisasi material dilakukan menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis untuk memperoleh transmitansi, absorbansi, koefisien absorpsi, energi celah pita, dan energi Urbach; FTIR untuk mengidentifikasi gugus fungsi material; serta SEM untuk mengevaluasi morfologi dan komposisi unsur. Pengujian sensor dilakukan menggunakan laser He-Ne 633 nm dan optical power meter untuk mengukur perubahan daya transmisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi NaCl menyebabkan penurunan daya optik yang diterima oleh detektor dan variasi komposisi material memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap performa sensor. Penambahan PVA meningkatkan sensitivitas dan linearitas sensor, dengan komposisi PMMA 80%/ PVA 20% menghasilkan sensitivitas tertinggi sebesar −1,25976 dBm/% dengan linearitas sebesar R² = 0,99042. Penambahan ZrSiO4 cenderung meningkatkan rugi-rugi optik dan menurunkan sensitivitas pada komposisi yang diuji. Pada sampel yang mengandung ZrSiO4, komposisi PMMA 90%/PVA 10% menghasilkan sensitivitas −0,76054 dBm/% dengan R² = 0,98761. Penelitian ini berkontribusi terhadap pencapaian SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation, khususnya pada aspek peningkatan pemantauan kualitas air secara berkelanjutan melalui pengembangan sensor salinitas berbasis serat optik yang memiliki potensi untuk diaplikasikan pada sistem pemantauan kualitas air secara real-time dan berbiaya rendah. ====================================================================================================================================
Salinity is one of the most important parameters in water quality monitoring because it is directly related to the concentration of dissolved ions, particularly sodium chloride (NaCl). Variations in NaCl concentration can affect the stability of aquatic ecosystems, aquaculture processes, and water quality in various industrial applications. Therefore, there is a growing need for salinity sensors that offer high sensitivity, low cost, and superior corrosion resistance compared to conventional electrode-based sensors. This study aims to design and evaluate a Plastic Optical Fiber (POF)-based NaCl solution sensor utilizing a composite of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and zircon (ZrSiO4) as the sensing material responsive to changes in sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration. The sensor was fabricated using the solution blending method with several material compositions, namely 100% PMMA, 90% PMMA/10% PVA, 80% PMMA/20% PVA, with the addition of 0,5% zircon (ZrSiO₄), to investigate their effects on sensor sensitivity and linearity. The sensor performance was evaluated using NaCl solutions with concentrations ranging from 0% to 3% at intervals of 0,5%. Material characterization was performed using UV–Vis spectroscopy to determine transmittance, absorbance, coefficient absorption, optical band gap energy, and Urbach energi; FTIR spectroscopy was employed to identify the functional groups of the composite materials; and SEM to evaluate surface morphology and elemental composition. Sensor testing was conducted using a 633 nm He–Ne laser as the light source and an optical power meter to measure variations in transmitted optical power. The experimental results demonstrate that increasing NaCl concentration leads to a decrease in the optical power received by the detector, while the material composition significantly influences the sensor performance The addition of PVA improved both sensitivity and linearity, with the 80% PMMA/20% PVA composition exhibiting the highest sensitivity of −1.25976 dBm/% with a linearity of R² = 0.99042. The addition of ZrSiO4 tended to increase optical losses and reduce sensitivity in the investigated compositions. Among the ZrSiO4 containing samples, the 90% PMMA/10% PVA composition exhibited a sensitivity of −0.76054 dBm/% with R2 = 0.98761. This research contributes to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6: Clean Water and Sanitation, particularly by supporting sustainable water quality monitoring through the development of a fiber-optic salinity sensor with the potential for low-cost, real-time water quality monitoring applications.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Serat Optik Plastik, Salinitas, PMMA, PVA, ZrSiO4, NaCl, Sensor Optik, SDGs
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA1800 Fiber Optics T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.16 Materials--Testing. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.9 Composite materials. Laminated materials.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Refa Dwi Prayoga
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 02:12
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 02:12
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142668

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