Saputri, Eka Meilisa Anggi (2026) Pengembangan Sistem Regenerative Braking Menggunakan Field Oriented Control (FOC) pada Motor Controller Unit (MCU) untuk Kendaraan Listrik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Peningkatan jarak tempuh kendaraan listrik tidak hanya dapat dilakukan melalui penambahan kapasitas baterai, tetapi juga melalui optimalisasi pemanfaatan energi menggunakan sistem regenerative braking. Mengingat sistem pengereman standar cenderung membuang potensi energi tersebut dalam bentuk panas. Penerapan fitur regenerative braking menjadi solusi krusial, namun penerapannya menghadapi tantangan teknis terkait keamanan pengisian sel baterai pada kondisi State of Charge (SOC) tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem regenerative braking menggunakan metode Field Oriented Control (FOC) pada Motor Controller Unit (MCU) melalui pengembangan sistem kontrol pada embedded firmware. Metode FOC digunakan untuk mengendalikan arus sumbu-d (Id) dan sumbu-q (Iq). Pada saat kondisi aktivasi regenerative braking terpenuhi, MCU membentuk perintah arus pengereman dan mengaktifkan mode kendali arus pengereman regeneratif. Pada mode tersebut, arah referensi arus sumbu-q (Iq) disesuaikan terhadap arah putaran rotor sehingga menghasilkan torsi elektromagnetik yang berlawanan dengan arah putaran motor. MCU diintegrasikan dengan Battery Management System (BMS) melalui komunikasi Controller Area Network (CAN) untuk memperoleh parameter kondisi baterai. Tegangan baterai yang diperoleh dari BMS digunakan sebagai parameter izin aktivasi regenerative braking, sedangkan proses regenerasi dihentikan ketika tegangan mencapai batas maksimum yang ditetapkan. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara komparatif dengan membandingkan parameter performa antara mode sistem dengan regenerative braking dan sistem tanpa regenerative braking. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu menghasilkan arus pengisian baterai maksimum sebesar 0,718 A selama kejadian regenerasi serta meningkatkan nilai Wh Charged dari 0,3403 Wh menjadi 0,3555 Wh atau sebesar 0,0152 Wh. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penerapan FOC dengan logika izin regenerative braking berdasarkan tegangan baterai serta pembentukan arus pengereman berdasarkan batas arus motor mampu menghasilkan aliran energi kembali menuju baterai. Energi yang dipulihkan melalui proses tersebut berpotensi mendukung peningkatan jarak tempuh kendaraan tanpa memerlukan penambahan kapasitas fisik baterai.
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Increasing the driving range of electric vehicles can be achieved not only by increasing battery capacity but also by optimizing energy utilization through a regenerative braking system, as conventional braking dissipates the vehicle's kinetic energy as heat. The implementation of regenerative braking offers a promising solution; however, its application presents technical challenges related to safe battery charging under specific State of Charge (SOC) conditions. This study aims to develop a regenerative braking system using the Field Oriented Control (FOC) method on a Motor Controller Unit (MCU) through embedded firmware control development. The FOC method is employed to regulate the d-axis current (Id) and q-axis current (Iq). When the regenerative braking activation conditions are satisfied, the MCU generates a braking current command and enables the regenerative braking current control mode. In this mode, the direction of the q-axis current reference (Iq) is adjusted according to the rotor's rotational direction, producing an electromagnetic torque opposite to the motor's rotation. The MCU is integrated with the Battery Management System (BMS) via Controller Area Network (CAN) communication to obtain battery condition parameters. The battery voltage acquired from the BMS is used as the authorization parameter for regenerative braking activation, while the regeneration process is terminated once the battery voltage reaches the predefined maximum threshold. Data analysis was conducted using a comparative approach by evaluating performance parameters between the system with regenerative braking and the system without regenerative braking. The experimental results show that the proposed system is capable of generating a maximum battery charging current of 0,718 A during regeneration and increasing the Wh Charged value from 0.3403 Wh to 0,3555 Wh, representing an increase of 0,0152 Wh. These results demonstrate that the implementation of FOC with regenerative-braking enables logic based on battery-pack voltage and a braking-current command determined by the motor braking-current limit can produce energy flow back to the battery. The recovered energy has the potential to extend the driving range of electric vehicles without requiring an increase in the battery's physical capacity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Battery Management System, Electric Motorcycle, Field Oriented Control, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, Regenerative Braking, State of Charge |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2785 Electric motors, Induction. T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK4055 Electric motor T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL448 Electric motorcycles |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > 36304-Automation Electronic Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Eka Meilisa Anggi Saputri |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Aug 2026 02:14 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Aug 2026 02:14 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142684 |
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