Asadeni, Rifky Putra (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Modifikasi Geometri Sudu Terhadap Karakteristik Aliran Dan Performa Reaction Cross-Flow Turbine Skala Mikro Hidro Berbasis CFD. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Turbin Cross-Flow tipe reaksi merupakan solusi menjanjikan untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) karena kemampuannya memanfaatkan head hidrolik secara penuh tanpa celah udara. Desain awal menggunakan geometri sudu berprofil sharp (tajam) dengan capaian efisiensi hidrolik sebesar 79,43%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh modifikasi geometri profil sudu menjadi Circular Leading Edge (LE) dengan Sharp Trailing Edge (TE), serta modifikasi ganda berupa Circular LE dan TE, terhadap torsi, daya, dan efisiensi hidrolik. Analisis dilakukan melalui simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tiga dimensi menggunakan perangkat lunak Ansys dengan model turbulensi Shear Stress Transport (SST) k-omega pada kondisi debit konstan Q = 0.12 m_3/s dengan variasi kecepatan putar (100–340 RPM). Hasil simulasi membuktikan bahwa desain Baseline tetap menghasilkan performa tertinggi dengan efisiensi puncak 79,52% pada putaran 220 RPM. Modifikasi LE Circular dan TE Sharp menurunkan efisiensi menjadi 64,75% akibat berkurangnya gradien tekanan tangensial pembentuk gaya, meskipun profil ini terbukti menghaluskan transisi aliran dan menyebarkan distribusi tekanan rendah yang berpotensi memicu kavitasi. Sebaliknya, penerapan modifikasi ganda (Circular pada LE dan TE) menurunkan efisiensi secara drastis hingga 56,58% karena bentuk TE yang membulat memicu separasi aliran dan wake yang mendisipasi energi mekanik menjadi turbulensi. Kesimpulannya, modifikasi geometri sudu circular memunculkan trade-off antara performa hidrolik murni dan potensi keandalan umur pakai komponen, sekaligus menandakan bahwa profil sharp pada sisi Trailing Edge dapat meminimalkan kerugian aliran pada turbin cross-flow. ===================================================================================================================================
The reaction cross-flow turbine is a promising solution for micro hydro power plants due to its ability to utilize the full available hydraulic head without air gaps. The baseline design utilizes sharp blade profiles, initially yielding a hydraulic efficiency of 79.43%. This study aims to evaluate the effect of blade geometry modifications specifically, applying a Circular Leading Edge (LE) combined with a Sharp Trailing Edge (TE), as well as a combined Circular LE and TE on torque, power, and hydraulic efficiency. The analysis was conducted through three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations using Ansys software with the Shear Stress Transport (SST) k-omega turbulence model at a constant discharge of Q = 0.12 m_3/s across varying rotor speeds (100–340 RPM). The simulation results demonstrate that the Baseline design achieved the highest performance with a 79.52% peak efficiency at 220 RPM. The modification combining a Circular LE and Sharp TE decreased efficiency to 64.75% due to a reduced tangential pressure gradient, although this profile effectively smoothed flow transitions and dispersed local low-pressure distributions that could trigger cavitation. Furthermore, applying the double circular modification (Circular LE and TE) drastically dropped the efficiency to 56.58% because the rounded TE triggered premature flow separation and generated massive turbulent wakes that irrecoverably dissipated kinetic energy. In conclusion, circular blade modifications introduce a trade-off between pure hydraulic performance and potential component reliability, explicitly proving that a sharp trailing edge is an absolute requirement for minimizing flow losses in cross-flow turbines.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Reaction Cross-Flow Turbine, Optimasi Geometri Sudu, CFD, Efisiensi Hidrolik, Mikro Hidro, Reaction Cross-Flow Turbine, Blade Geometry Optimization, CFD, Hydraulic Efficiency, Micro Hydro. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ870 Hydraulic turbines. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4) |
| Depositing User: | Rifky Putra Asadeni |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Aug 2026 06:26 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Aug 2026 06:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142695 |
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