Pengaruh Waktu Nitridasi Terhadap Sintesis Besi Nitrida yang Berbasis Pasir Besi

Damayanti, Vina (2026) Pengaruh Waktu Nitridasi Terhadap Sintesis Besi Nitrida yang Berbasis Pasir Besi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pembentukan besi nitrida melalui proses gas nitriding dipengaruhi oleh temperatur dan waktu nitridasi yang menentukan jumlah atom nitrogen yang berdifusi ke dalam kisi besi. Perbedaan kondisi proses tersebut memengaruhi pembentukan fasa, struktur kristal, morfologi, dan sifat magnetik material. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi temperatur dan waktu gas nitriding terhadap pembentukan fasa, struktur kristal, morfologi, dan sifat magnetik serbuk besi nitrida yang disintesis dari pasir besi. Sintesis diawali dengan pembentukan Fe₃O₄ menggunakan metode kopresipitasi, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses gas nitriding menggunakan gas NH₃ pada temperatur 625°C dan 675°C dengan variasi waktu tahan 4, 5, 6, 7, dan 8 jam. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), dan Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses kopresipitasi berhasil menurunkan ukuran partikel dari 1403,50 nm menjadi 83,14 nm dan menghasilkan serbuk Fe₃O₄ dengan kemurnian fasa sebesar 97,93 wt.%. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa pada temperatur 625°C maupun 675°C selama 4–6 jam terbentuk fasa Fe₃N sebesar 100 wt.%. Ketika waktu nitridasi ditingkatkan menjadi 7 dan 8 jam, fraksi Fe₂N meningkat disertai penurunan fraksi Fe₃N akibat bertambahnya difusi atom nitrogen ke dalam kisi besi. Hasil SEM menunjukkan bahwa partikel hasil kopresipitasi berukuran lebih halus dengan kecenderungan mengalami aglomerasi, sedangkan hasil EDS mengonfirmasi dominasi unsur Fe dan O pada serbuk sebelum proses nitridasi. Pengujian VSM menunjukkan bahwa variasi temperatur dan waktu nitridasi memengaruhi sifat magnetik material, dengan nilai magnetisasi saturasi tertinggi sebesar 15,303 emu/g dan koersivitas sebesar 24,404 Oe yang diperoleh pada temperatur 675°C selama 8 jam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa variasi temperatur dan waktu gas nitriding memengaruhi difusi nitrogen, transformasi fasa Fe₃N menjadi Fe₂N, serta sifat magnetik serbuk besi nitrida. Kondisi nitridasi pada temperatur 675°C selama 8 jam menghasilkan sifat magnetik terbaik pada penelitian ini.
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The formation of iron nitride through the gas nitriding process is influenced by the nitriding temperature and holding time, which determine the diffusion of nitrogen atoms into the iron lattice. Variations in these processing parameters affect phase formation, crystal structure, morphology, and the magnetic properties of the material. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nitriding temperature and holding time on the phase formation, crystal structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of iron nitride powder synthesized from iron sand. The synthesis was initiated by producing Fe₃O₄ through the coprecipitation method, followed by gas nitriding using NH₃ gas at temperatures of 625°C and 675°C with holding times of 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 hours. The synthesized powders were characterized using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The results showed that the coprecipitation process successfully reduced the particle size from 1403.50 nm to 83.14 nm and produced Fe₃O₄ powder with a phase purity of 97.93 wt.%. XRD analysis revealed that Fe₃N remained the dominant phase (100 wt.%) at both 625°C and 675°C for nitriding durations of 4–6 hours. When the holding time was extended to 7 and 8 hours, the Fe₂N fraction increased while the Fe₃N fraction decreased due to the increased diffusion of nitrogen atoms into the iron lattice. SEM observations indicated that the coprecipitated powder consisted of finer particles with a tendency to agglomerate, while EDS analysis confirmed that Fe and O were the dominant elements prior to the nitriding process. VSM measurements showed that both nitriding temperature and holding time affected the magnetic properties of the material. The highest saturation magnetization of 15.303 emu/g, with a coercivity of 24.404 Oe, was obtained for the sample nitrided at 675°C for 8 hours. In conclusion, the nitriding temperature and holding time significantly influenced nitrogen diffusion, the phase transformation from Fe₃N to Fe₂N, and the magnetic properties of the synthesized iron nitride powder. The nitriding condition of 675°C for 8 hours produced the best magnetic properties in this study.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	besi nitrida, kopresipitasi, nitridasi gas, pasir besi, sifat magnet, iron nitride, coprecipitation, gas nitriding, iron sand, magnetic properties
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL220.5 Battery charging stations (Electric vehicles)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Vina Damayanti
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 03:49
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 03:49
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142958

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