Model Logistik Soda Ash (Na2CO3) Dalam Transisi Impor Ke Produksi Dalam Negeri

Pinardhi, Mayra Muthiarania (2026) Model Logistik Soda Ash (Na2CO3) Dalam Transisi Impor Ke Produksi Dalam Negeri. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia masih bergantung pada impor Soda Ash sebesar 800–900 ribu ton per tahun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan industri kaca, deterjen, pulp, dan kertas. Tingkat ketergantungan yang mencapai 100% impor menimbulkan risiko pasokan sekaligus beban biaya logistik nasional. Pembangunan pabrik Soda Ash pertama di Indonesia oleh Danantara Indonesia dan PT Pupuk XYZ diproyeksikan mampu memenuhi 30% kebutuhan domestik menjadi langkah strategis dalam mendukung agenda hilirisasi industri kimia nasional. Kehadiran pabrik ini dapat mengurangi impor dan meningkatkan nilai tambah melalui integrasi industri kaca. Namun, peralihan sumber pasokan dari impor menuju produksi domestik pasti mengubah pola distribusi secara signifikan. Perubahan ini mencakup penyesuaian rute logistik dan integrasi proses antara produsen hulu dan industri hilir. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berfokus pada perumusan model perencanaan logistik Soda Ash yang optimal guna memastikan distribusi yang efisien dan mendukung keberlanjutan rantai pasok. Metode yang digunakan adalah optimasi untuk menyelesaikan masalah Vehicle Routing Problem dengan Mixed Integer Linear Programming dan metode Analisis Sensitivitas. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengiriman transportasi laut yang terpilih adalah Multi Port menggunakan skema Time Charter Hire dengan total biaya pengiriman Rp200,5 M per tahun. Maka dihasilkan Landed Cost rata-rata sebesar Rp6,9 juta per ton. Produksi dan pengiriman domestik dapat menghemat biaya sebesar 31,6% dari kondisi impor saat ini.
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Indonesia still relies on imports for 800–900 thousand tons of Soda Ash annually to meet the demands of glass, detergent, pulp, and paper industries. This 100% import dependency poses supply risks and increases national logistics costs. The construction of Indonesia's first Soda Ash plant by Danantara Indonesia and PT Pupuk XYZ is projected to meet 30% of domestic demand, serving as a strategic step to support the national chemical industry downstream agenda. The presence of this plant can reduce imports and increase value-added benefits through the integration of downstream industries such as glass industry. However, shifting the supply source from imports to domestic production will significantly alter distribution patterns. These changes include logistics route adjustments and process integration between upstream producers and downstream industries. Therefore, this research focuses on formulating an optimal Soda Ash logistics planning model to ensure efficient distribution and support sustainable supply chain. The methods used are optimization to solve the Vehicle Routing Problem using Mixed Integer Linear Programming and Sensitivity Analysis. The results show that the optimal maritime transportation option is a Multi Port service under the Time Charter Hire scheme, resulting in a total annual transportation cost of IDR 200.5 Billion. This configuration yields an average landed cost of IDR 6.9 Million per ton. Moreover, domestic production and distribution have the potential to reduce costs by 31.6% compared with the current import-based distribution.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Soda Ash, Vehicle Routing Problem, Logistics, Logistik, Optimization, Optimasi
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD38.5 Business logistics--Cost effectiveness. Supply chain management. ERP H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE147.6 Transportation--Planning V Naval Science > VK > VK570 Optimum ship routing.
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mayra Muthiarania Pinardhi
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 03:02
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 03:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/142974

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