Simulasi Evakuasi Penumpang Kapal Ro-Ro Pada Kondisi List Akibat Pengaruh Heel Angle Dan Trim Angle Menggunakan Agent-Based Modelling Simulation (ABMS)

Zacky, Raihan Rayyan (2026) Simulasi Evakuasi Penumpang Kapal Ro-Ro Pada Kondisi List Akibat Pengaruh Heel Angle Dan Trim Angle Menggunakan Agent-Based Modelling Simulation (ABMS). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kapal Ro-Ro merupakan moda transportasi laut yang rentan mengalami kondisi list akibat heel angle maupun trim angle, yang berpotensi menurunkan performa kecepatan berjalan penumpang saat proses evakuasi darurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kondisi list terhadap kecepatan berjalan penumpang serta melakukan simulasi evakuasi pada Kapal Ro-Ro akibat heel angle dan trim angle secara tunggal berdasarkan pedoman IMO MSC.1/Circ.1533. Data kecepatan berjalan diperoleh melalui eksperimen mandiri terhadap volunteer pria dan wanita pada variasi sudut heel 5°–15° dan trim -15° hingga 15°, kemudian digunakan sebagai parameter input pada simulasi evakuasi berbasis Agent-Based Modelling Simulation (ABMS) menggunakan perangkat lunak Thunderhead Pathfinder. Simulasi dijalankan untuk skenario Day Case dan Night Case dengan pengujian konvergensi minimal 50 simulasi acak per kondisi mengikuti convergence criterion IMO. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan berjalan penumpang menurun seiring bertambahnya sudut kemiringan, dan waktu evakuasi pada skenario malam hari (Night Case) selalu lebih lama dibandingkan siang hari (Day Case) akibat response time yang lebih panjang. Nilai Total Evacuation Duration (n) tertinggi terjadi pada kondisi Heel 15° Night Case sebesar 61,13 menit, yang melampaui batas maksimal 60 menit yang disyaratkan IMO MSC.1/Circ.1533, sedangkan kondisi Trim -15° dan Trim 15° Night Case berada pada batas ambang 60,44 menit. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa kombinasi sudut kemiringan besar dan skenario malam hari meningkatkan risiko kegagalan evakuasi sehingga perlu menjadi perhatian dalam penyusunan strategi keselamatan kapal Ro-Ro.
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Ro-Ro ships are a type of sea transport that is prone to listing conditions caused by heel and trim angles, which can reduce passenger walking speed performance during emergency evacuation. This study aims to determine the effect of listing conditions on passenger walking speed and to simulate evacuation on a Ro-Ro ship under single heel and trim angle conditions based on the IMO MSC.1/Circ.1533 guidelines. Walking speed data were obtained through independent experiments involving male and female volunteers at heel angle variations of 5°–15° and trim angles of -15° to 15°, which were then used as input parameters for an evacuation simulation based on Agent-Based Modelling Simulation (ABMS) using Thunderhead Pathfinder software. The simulation was run for Day Case and Night Case scenarios with a convergence test of at least 50 random simulations per condition, following the IMO convergence criterion. The results show that passenger walking speed decreases as the listing angle increases, and evacuation time in the Night Case scenario is consistently longer than in the Day Case due to a longer response time. The highest Total Evacuation Duration (n) occurred in the Heel 15° Night Case condition at 61.13 minutes, exceeding the 60-minute maximum limit required by IMO MSC.1/Circ.1533, while the Trim -15° and Trim 15° Night Case conditions were at the threshold of 60.44 minutes. These results indicate that the combination of large listing angles and night-time scenarios increases the risk of evacuation failure, which should be taken into consideration when developing Ro-Ro ship safety strategies.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	agent, evakuasi, heel, kapal ro-ro, trim, agent, evacuation, heel, ro-ro ship, trim
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM293 Shipping--Indonesia--Safety measures V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM381 Passenger ships V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM761 Stability of ships
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Raihan Rayyan Zacky
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 03:14
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 03:14
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143033

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