Studi Perancangan Dan Analisis Keselamatan Sistem Dehidrasi, Kompresi, Dan Transportasi CO2 Superkritis Melalui Pipa Bawah Laut

Firmansyah, Ferry Rayyan (2026) Studi Perancangan Dan Analisis Keselamatan Sistem Dehidrasi, Kompresi, Dan Transportasi CO2 Superkritis Melalui Pipa Bawah Laut. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Tingginya emisi karbon dioksida dari sektor pembangkit listrik berbahan bakar batubara mendorong kebutuhan sistem transportasi CO₂ yang andal untuk mendukung penerapan Carbon Capture and Storage di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem kompresi bertahap dan dehidrasi, menentukan kondisi operasi serta spesifikasi pipa bawah laut untuk transportasi CO₂ superkritis, dan mengevaluasi risiko eksternal akibat dropped anchor, dragged anchor, dan ship sinking. Metode penelitian meliputi perhitungan kapasitas emisi berdasarkan IPCC 2006, simulasi proses kompresi dan dehidrasi, simulasi transportasi pada variasi tekanan dan diameter, perhitungan ketebalan dan verifikasi hoop stress berdasarkan ASME B31.8, analisis biaya material, serta analisis frekuensi dan konsekuensi berdasarkan DNV-RP-F107. Kapasitas CO₂ yang dianalisis sebesar 1.128.587 ton/tahun atau 3.092 ton/hari. Aliran CO₂ dari kondisi awal 35°C dan 1,51 bar dapat dikompresi melalui empat tahap hingga mencapai 45 bar sebelum memasuki unit dehidrasi. Pendinginan antar tahap mampu mengembalikan temperatur aliran menjadi 20°C, sedangkan proses dehidrasi menggunakan TEG menurunkan kandungan air hingga 13,5 ppm. Hasil simulasi transportasi menunjukkan bahwa tekanan inlet minimum sebesar 125 bar pada temperatur 50°C mampu mempertahankan kondisi CO₂ superkritis sepanjang jalur. Pipa 12 inch API 5L X52 dengan diameter luar 323 mm dan ketebalan nominal 7,92 mm dipilih karena mempunyai kapasitas ekspansi hidraulik sebesar 64% dan biaya material sebesar USD 11,94 juta. Pada tekanan 125 bar, hoop stress aktual sebesar 242,66 MPa masih berada di bawah allowable hoop stress sebesar 257,76 MPa. Kapasitas tekanan dinding pipa diperoleh sebesar 132,4 bar, sehingga 130 bar menjadi skenario tekanan tertinggi yang masih memenuhi penyaringan berdasarkan hoop stress. Analisis risiko berbasis kelas berat jangkar menunjukkan seluruh skenario berada pada frequency rank 1, dengan dropped anchor tergolong acceptable serta dragged anchor dan ship sinking berada pada kategori ALARP. Risiko kritis didominasi oleh kelas jangkar menengah 3.000-5.000 kg, bukan kelas jangkar terberat. Mitigasi yang direkomendasikan meliputi pembatasan aktivitas lego jangkar, pemantauan lalu lintas kapal, dan inspeksi pipa secara berkala
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The increasing carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fired power generation have created a need for a reliable CO2 transportation system to support the implementation of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in Indonesia. This study aims to design a multistage compression and dehydration system, determine suitable operating conditions and subsea pipeline specifications for supercritical CO2 transportation, and evaluate external risks associated with dropped anchor, dragged anchor, and ship sinking scenarios. The methodology includes CO2 emission capacity estimation based on the 2006 IPCC guidelines, compression and dehydration process simulation, transportation simulation under various pressure and diameter scenarios, pipeline wall thickness calculation and hoop stress verification based on ASME B31.8, material cost analysis, and frequency-consequence assessment based on DNV-RP-F107. The analyzed CO2 capacity is 1,128,587 tones/year or 3,092 tones/day. The CO₂ stream from the initial condition of 35°C and 1.51 bar can be compressed through four stages to reach 45 bars before entering the dehydration unit. Interstage cooling reduces the stream temperature back to 20°C, while the TEG dehydration process reduces the water content to 13.5 ppm. The transportation simulation results indicate that a minimum inlet pressure of 125 bar at 50°C can maintain the supercritical CO₂ condition along the pipeline route. A 12-inch API 5L X52 pipeline with an outside diameter of 323 mm and a nominal wall thickness of 7.92 mm is selected due to its 64% hydraulic expansion capacity and material cost of USD 11.94 million. At an operating pressure of 125 bar, the actual hoop stress of 242.66 MPa remains below the allowable hoop stress of 257.76 MPa. The pipeline wall pressure capacity is determined as 132.4 bar, making 130 bar the highest-pressure scenario that satisfies the hoop stress screening criterion. The anchor weight class based risk assessment shows that all scenarios fall within frequency rank 1, with dropped anchor categorized as acceptable and dragged anchor and ship sinking within the ALARP region. The critical risk is dominated by the medium 3,000-5,000 kg anchor class rather than the heaviest anchor class. Recommended mitigation measures include anchoring activity restrictions, vessel traffic monitoring, and periodic pipeline inspections

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	CCS, CO₂ Superkritis, Dehidrasi CO₂, Kompresi CO2, Pipa bawah laut, Risiko jangkar, CCS, Supercritical CO₂, CO₂ Dehydration, CO₂ Compression, Subsea Pipeline, Anchor Risk.
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ930 Pipelines (General). Underwater pipelines.
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ferry Rayyan Firmansyah
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 06:17
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 06:17
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143133

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