Preliminary Design of A Seawater Assisted Cooling System For A 1 MW Floating Data Center

Rahmadi, Amelia Ransi (2026) Preliminary Design of A Seawater Assisted Cooling System For A 1 MW Floating Data Center. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Meningkatnya kebutuhan terhadap infrastruktur digital telah mendorong pengembangan Floating Data Center (FDC) sebagai solusi alternatif untuk mengatasi keterbatasan lahan dengan memanfaatkan air laut sebagai media pembuangan panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan desain sistem pendingin hibrida berbantuan air laut (seawater assisted hybrid cooling system) untuk Floating Data Center berkapasitas 1 MW serta menyusun Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) yang merepresentasikan integrasi sistem refrigerasi, sirkuit chilled water, dan sirkuit air laut. Perancangan sistem dilakukan melalui perhitungan termal dan hidraulik, perancangan siklus refrigerasi, pemilihan peralatan, validasi menggunakan Aspen HYSYS, serta pengembangan P&ID. Hasil perancangan menunjukkan bahwa sistem menggunakan tiga modul refrigerasi yang beroperasi secara paralel dengan refrigeran R134a dan memiliki kapasitas pendinginan total sebesar 750 kW, yang mendistribusikan pendinginan ke enam unit Computer Room Air Handling (CRAH) melalui sirkuit chilled water. Pembuangan panas dilakukan menggunakan sistem once-through seawater cooling yang dirancang untuk kondisi perairan tropis dengan temperatur air laut masuk 32°C dan laju aliran total 185,85 m³/jam. P&ID yang dikembangkan berhasil merepresentasikan integrasi sistem refrigerasi, sirkuit chilled water, dan sirkuit air laut, termasuk peralatan utama, jalur sirkulasi fluida, serta instrumentasi utama untuk pengendalian dan pemantauan sistem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pendingin hibrida berbantuan air laut yang diusulkan layak diterapkan sebagai desain rekayasa awal untuk aplikasi Floating Data Center di lingkungan perairan tropis.
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The increasing demand for digital infrastructure has driven the development of floating data centers (FDCs) as an alternative solution to overcome land limitations while utilizing seawater as a heat rejection medium. This study aims to develop the preliminary design of a hybrid seawater-assisted cooling system for a 1 MW floating data center and to develop a Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) representing the integration of the refrigeration, chilled water, and seawater systems. The proposed cooling system was developed through thermal and hydraulic calculations, refrigeration cycle design, equipment selection, Aspen HYSYS validation, and P&ID development. The final design employs three parallel refrigeration modules using R134a to provide a total cooling capacity of 750 kW, supplying cooling to six CRAH units through a chilled water loop, while heat is rejected through a once-through seawater loop designed for tropical marine conditions with a design seawater temperature of 32°C and a total seawater flow rate of 185,85 m³/h. The developed P&ID successfully integrates the refrigeration system, chilled water loop, and seawater loop, including the major equipment, circulation flow, and essential control and monitoring instrumentation. The proposed design demonstrates the technical feasibility of implementing a hybrid seawater-assisted cooling system as a preliminary engineering solution for floating data center applications in tropical marine environments.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Floating Data Center, Seawater Assisted Cooling, Beban Pendinginan, Siklus Refrigerasi, Sistem Chilled Water, Preliminary Design, Floating Data Center, Seawater Assisted Cooling, Cooling Load, Refrigeration Cycle, Chilled Water System, Preliminary Design
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM485 Cold storage on ships. Marine refrigeration.
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Amelia Ransi Rahmadi
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 04:58
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 04:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143140

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