Desyanti, Rita (2026) Strategi Penentuan Harga Produk Baru Dan Remanufaktur Dalam Closed-Loop Supply Chain. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
![[thumbnail of 7010211014-Doctoral.pdf]](http://repository.its.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text
7010211014-Doctoral.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (5MB) | Request a copy |
Abstract
Industri manufaktur berkontribusi sebesar 28% terhadap emisi karbon di Indonesia. Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) melalui aktivitas remanufaktur hadir sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi emisi karbon. Penentuan harga menjadi penting untuk memastikan keuntungan produk baru dan remanufaktur dapat tercapai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan teori permainan melalui kebijakan terpusat, terdesentralisasi, dan Stackelberg Game. Berbeda dengan penelitian terdahulu yang umumnya hanya mengkaji satu scenario permintaan atau satu struktur saluran distribusi, penelitian ini memperluas penerapan teori permainan dalam CLSC melalui pengembangan tiga model, yaitu model dengan permintaan deterministik, permintaan stokastik, dan penjualan langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan terpusat secara konsisten menghasilkan keuntungan tertinggi. Produk remanufaktur terbukti memberikan harga yang lebih ekonomis dibanding produk baru. Kebijakan yang dipimpin oleh pengecer efektif dalam menstimulasi serapan pasar produk baru, sementara kebijakan yang dipimpin pihak ketiga paling ideal untuk menghasilkan volume penyerapan produk remanufaktur. Sebaliknya, kebijakan yang dipimpin manufaktur memberikan performa finansial terendah akibat penetapan harga yang terlalu tinggi. Penelitian ini juga menghasilkan implikasi manajerial strategis yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan tiga karakteristik model. Pertama, pada kondisi pasar ideal dengan permintaan deterministik, perusahaan direkomendasikan untuk menerapkan kebijakan terpusat demi meningkatkan efisiensi dan memaksimalkan keuntungan. Kedua, dengan ketidakpastian permintaan, perusahaan harus mengambil posisi defensif dengan menghindari kebijakan yang dipimpin oleh manufaktur. Ketiga, pada skenario pemotongan jalur ritel melalui penjualan langsung, perusahaan mempunyai fleksibilitas untuk menekan harga jual produk baru. Analisis sensitivitas mengungkap bahwa peningkatan biaya manufaktur dan remanufaktur menggerus profitabilitas sistem. Keterbatasan penelitian ini terletak pada struktur rantai pasok tunggal dan penyederhanaan fungsi permintaan stokastik serta pengabaian dimensi perilaku sosial. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menyarankan pengembangan riset mendatang untuk fokus pada pemodelan fungsi permintaan non-linear berbasis skenario ketidakpastian, perluasan ke jaringan rantai pasok multi-saluran, penerapan mekanisme koordinasi lanjutan seperti kontrak bagi hasil, serta inkorporasi regulasi pemerintah seperti pajak emisi dan subsidi guna mendukung tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Manfaat penelitian diharapkan dapat mengembangkan strategi penentuan harga untuk mendapatkan keuntungan optimal pada rantai pasok dengan menggunakan teori permainan dalam industri remanufaktur di Indonesia
================================================================================================================================
The manufacturing industry contributes 28% to carbon emissions in Indonesia. The Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) through remanufacturing activities emerges as an effort to mitigate carbon emissions. Pricing strategies become critical to ensuring the profitability of both new and remanufactured products. This study employs a game theory approach under centralized, decentralized, and Stackelberg game policies. Unlike previous studies, which generally focus on a single demand scenario or a single distribution channel structure, this research extends the application of game theory in CLSC by developing three models: a deterministic demand model, a stochastic demand model, and a direct-selling model. The results demonstrate that the centralized policy consistently yields the highest profit. Remanufactured products are proven to offer a more economical price compared to new products. Furthermore, the retailer-led policy is effective in stimulating the market adoption of new products, whereas the third-party-led policy is optimal for maximizing the recovery volume of remanufactured products. Conversely, the manufacturer-led policy delivers the lowest financial performance due to excessive pricing strategies. This study also generates strategic managerial implications categorized into three model characteristics. First, with deterministic demand, companies are recommended to implement centralized policies to enhance efficiency and maximize profits. Second, under demand uncertainty, companies must adopt a defensive strategy by avoiding manufacturer-led policy. Third, in a direct sales scenario that bypasses the retail channel, companies possess the flexibility to lower the selling price of new products. Sensitivity analysis reveals that escalating manufacturing and remanufacturing costs reduce overall system profitability. The limitations of this study lie in the single supply chain structure, the simplified stochastic demand function, and the omission of social behavior dimensions. Therefore, this study suggests that future research should focus on modeling non-linear demand functions based on uncertainty scenarios, expanding into multi-channel supply chain networks, implementing advanced coordination mechanisms such as revenue-sharing contracts, and incorporating government regulations like emission taxes and subsidies to support sustainable development goals. This research is expected to contribute to developing pricing strategies that optimize profits within the supply chain framework using game theory in the Indonesian remanufacturing industry
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Penentuan Harga, Closed-Loop Supply Chain, Remanufaktur, Teori Permainan, Emisi Karbon Pricing Strategy, Closed-Loop Supply Chain, Remanufacturing, Game Theory, Carbon Emission |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS155 Production control. Production planning. Production management T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS170 New products. Product Development |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26001-(S3) PhD Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Rita Desyanti |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Aug 2026 18:37 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Aug 2026 18:37 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143158 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |