Pengembangan Kerangka Double Closed-Loop Berbasis BIM-AR Untuk Identifikasi Dan Penelusuran Sistem Plumbing Tersembunyi Pada Bangunan Gedung

Rosmyanto, Dica (2026) Pengembangan Kerangka Double Closed-Loop Berbasis BIM-AR Untuk Identifikasi Dan Penelusuran Sistem Plumbing Tersembunyi Pada Bangunan Gedung. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Inspeksi sistem plumbing pada bangunan gedung sering menghadapi kendala ketika jalur pipa dan komponennya berada pada area tersembunyi, seperti di atas plafon, di dalam dinding, shaft, atau ruang servis. Pada metode visual eksisting, proses identifikasi masih bergantung pada pengamatan langsung, gambar kerja/as-built, dan pengalaman teknisi sehingga berpotensi membutuhkan waktu lebih lama, menimbulkan ketidaksesuaian identifikasi, serta memicu pekerjaan investigasi fisik atau rework. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan mengevaluasi kerangka double closed-loop berbasis integrasi Building Information Modeling (BIM) dan Augmented Reality (AR) untuk mendukung identifikasi dan penelusuran sistem plumbing air bersih dan air kotor pada Gedung C Kampus Politeknik Astra. Kerangka yang dikembangkan terdiri atas input data, operational loop, managerial loop, dan feedback loop yang menghubungkan inspeksi lapangan, pembaruan BIM/AIM, evaluasi manajerial, rekomendasi, dan pengambilan keputusan pemeliharaan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui eksperimen lapangan dengan membandingkan metode visual eksisting dan BIM–AR pada 10 pasangan data inspeksi. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi total waktu siklus, tingkat kesesuaian identifikasi, total biaya siklus, dan biaya investasi awal BIM–AR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total waktu siklus metode visual eksisting sebesar 4.193 menit, sedangkan BIM–AR sebesar 1.315 menit, sehingga terjadi efisiensi waktu sebesar 68,64%. Tingkat kesesuaian identifikasi meningkat dari 54,75% menjadi 100,00%. Total biaya siklus metode visual eksisting sebesar Rp10.346.375, sedangkan BIM–AR tanpa investasi awal sebesar Rp875.000, sehingga menghasilkan efisiensi biaya sebesar 91,54%. Uji Paired Sample T-Test menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan pada total waktu siklus, tingkat kesesuaian identifikasi, dan total biaya siklus dengan nilai p-value masing-masing <0,001, 0,004, dan <0,001. Berdasarkan frekuensi inspeksi 96 kali per tahun, alokasi investasi BIM–AR menghasilkan efisiensi biaya sebesar 85,07%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BIM–AR berpotensi meningkatkan efektivitas inspeksi plumbing tersembunyi dan mendukung pengambilan keputusan pemeliharaan berbasis data.
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Inspection of building plumbing systems often faces challenges when pipe routes and components are located in hidden areas, such as above ceilings, inside walls, shafts, or service spaces. In the existing visual method, identification still relies on direct observation, working/as-built drawings, and technician experience, which may require longer time, reduce identification agreement, and lead to physical investigation or rework. This study aims to develop and evaluate a double closed-loop framework based on the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Augmented Reality (AR) to support the identification and tracing of clean water and wastewater plumbing systems in Building C of Politeknik Astra Campus. The developed framework consists of input data, an operational loop, a managerial loop, and a feedback loop that connect field inspection, BIM/AIM updating, managerial evaluation, recommendations, and maintenance decision-making. This research applies a quantitative approach through a field experiment comparing the existing visual method and BIM–AR using 10 paired inspection data. The analyzed parameters include total cycle time, identification agreement with the reference model, total cycle cost, and initial BIM–AR investment cost. The results show that the total cycle time of the existing visual method was 4,193 minutes, while BIM–AR required 1,315 minutes, resulting in a time efficiency of 68.64%. Identification agreement increased from 54.75% to 100.00%. The total cycle cost of the existing visual method was IDR 10,346,375, while BIM–AR excluding initial investment was IDR 875,000, resulting in a cost efficiency of 91.54%. The Paired Sample T-Test showed significant differences in total cycle time, identification agreement, and total cycle cost, with p-values of <0.001, 0.004, and <0.001, respectively. Based on an inspection frequency of 96 times per year, the allocated BIM–AR investment still resulted in a cost efficiency of 85.07%. The findings indicate that BIM–AR has the potential to improve the effectiveness of hidden plumbing inspection and support data-driven maintenance decision-making.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	BIM–AR, closed-loop, inspeksi plumbing, sistem plumbing tersembunyi, Asset Information Model
Subjects:	T Technology > TH Building construction > TH6515 Plumbing.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Dica Rosmyanto
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 07:42
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 07:42
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143218

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