Aktivitas Dual Katalis Pada Pirolisis Limbah Plastik PET/PP Terhadap Pembentukan Fraksi C8-C10 Bahan Bakar Alternatif

Damayanti, Audrey Berliana (2026) Aktivitas Dual Katalis Pada Pirolisis Limbah Plastik PET/PP Terhadap Pembentukan Fraksi C8-C10 Bahan Bakar Alternatif. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan jumlah limbah plastik polyethylene terephthalate (PET) dan polypropylene (PP) serta ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil mendorong pengembangan teknologi konversi limbah menjadi bahan bakar alternatif. Salah satu teknologi yang berpotensi dikembangkan adalah pirolisis katalitik menggunakan katalis berbasis zeolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi rasio PET:PP dan penggunaan dual katalis HZSM-5/CTF-04 terhadap rendemen, distribusi produk, serta karakteristik fisikokimia minyak pirolisis yang dihasilkan. Proses pirolisis dilakukan pada temperatur 350 °C selama 90 menit menggunakan total plastik 500 g dengan variasi rasio PET:PP sebesar 1:4, 2:3, dan 3:2 serta kadar katalis 2,5 dan 5% (b/b). Karakterisasi katalis dilakukan menggunakan XRD, ATR-FTIR, FESEM-EDX, NH3-TPD, dan analisis termal. Produk cair selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan GC-MS serta diuji densitas, viskositas, nilai kalor, dan angka oktan (RON dan MON). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa katalis HZSM-5/CTF-04 memiliki kestabilan termal yang baik dan mampu meningkatkan aktivitas catalytic cracking melalui sinergi antara keasaman HZSM-5 dan kemampuan difusi molekul dari CTF-04. Kondisi optimum untuk memperoleh rendemen minyak dicapai pada rasio PET:PP 1:4 dengan kadar katalis 2,5%, yang menghasilkan rendemen minyak sebesar 38,1% dengan pembentukan kokas dan wax yang relatif rendah. Sementara itu, nilai kalor tertinggi diperoleh pada rasio PET:PP 3:2 dengan kadar katalis 2,5%, yaitu sebesar 43,90 MJ/kg yang mendekati nilai kalor gasoline komersial. Hasil pengujian angka oktan menunjukkan nilai RON rata-rata sebesar 95,6 dan MON rata-rata sebesar 85,6 yang mengindikasikan kemampuan antiknock yang baik. Secara keseluruhan, kombinasi dual katalis HZSM-5/CTF-04 berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas minyak pirolisis PET/PP menjadi bahan bakar cair yang mendekati karakteristik gasoline.
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The increasing accumulation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP) plastic waste, coupled with the growing dependence on fossil fuels, has encouraged the development of technologies for converting plastic waste into alternative fuels. One promising approach is catalytic pyrolysis using zeolite-based catalysts. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PET:PP feedstock ratio and the application of a dual HZSM-5/CTF-04 catalyst on product yield, product distribution, and the physicochemical properties of the resulting pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis process was conducted at 350 °C for 90 minutes using a total plastic feedstock of 500 g, with PET:PP mass ratios of 1:4, 2:3, and 3:2, and catalyst loadings of 2.5 and 5 %wt. Catalyst characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD), and thermal analysis. The liquid products were subsequently characterized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluated for density, viscosity, calorific value, and octane number (research octane number, RON, and motor octane number, MON). The results demonstrated that the HZSM-5/CTF-04 catalyst exhibited excellent thermal stability and enhanced catalytic cracking activity through the synergistic interaction between the strong acidity of HZSM-5 and the improved molecular diffusion provided by CTF-04. The optimum condition for maximizing liquid oil yield was achieved at a PET:PP ratio of 1:4 with a catalyst loading of 2.5 %wt, resulting in an oil yield of 38.1% with relatively low coke and wax formation. Meanwhile, the highest calorific value was obtained at a PET:PP ratio of 3:2 with 2.5 %wt catalyst, reaching 43.90 MJ/kg, which is comparable to that of commercial gasoline. Furthermore, the octane number analysis revealed average RON and MON values of 95.6 and 85.6, respectively, indicating favorable anti-knock performance. Overall, the combination of the HZSM-5/CTF-04 dual catalyst demonstrated significant potential for enhancing the quality of PET/PP-derived pyrolysis oil, producing a liquid fuel with properties approaching those of commercial gasoline.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	CTF-04, HZSM-5, PET, Pirolisis, PP, CTF-04, HZSM-5, PET, Pyrolysis, PP
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD281 Pyrolysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Audrey Berliana Damayanti
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 07:14
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 07:14
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143379

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