Pengujian Struktural dan Kelayakan Ergonomi pada Meja Operasi Elektrik

Darwanto, Bintang Khawarizmi (2026) Pengujian Struktural dan Kelayakan Ergonomi pada Meja Operasi Elektrik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Hasil Forum Group Discussion (FGD) antara Departemen Teknik Mesin ITS dengan beberapa ahli ortopedi yang dilaksanakan pada 12 Juni 2025 di Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember menyimpulkan bahwa kebutuhan akan meja operasi yang ergonomis dan aman sangat krusial di fasilitas kesehatan untuk menggantikan sistem manual yang berisiko tinggi bagi tenaga medis dan menghambat presisi tindakan bedah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengujian penyimpangan sudut serta evaluasi keergonomisan prototipe meja operasi yang digunakan untuk melaksanakan tindakan operasi atau pemeriksaan pasien. Pengujian penyimpangan sudut dilakukan terhadap variasi beban statis mulai dari 0 kg sampai dengan 95 kg, pada tujuh variasi ketinggian meja mulai dari 75 cm sampai dengan 105 cm dengan rentang 5 cm. Parameter penyimpangan sudut yang diukur adalah sudut pitch, roll, dan pergeseran yaw dari meja operasi. Data hasil pengujian dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dua arah untuk mengetahui pengaruh signifikan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara peningkatan beban statis dan elevasi terhadap besaran defleksi, dengan deviasi maksimal tercatat pada sudut pitch 3,05°, roll 4,00°, dan yaw 0,31° pada kondisi beban dan ketinggian maksimum. Evaluasi ergonomi dilakukan menggunakan metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) pada lima responden, yang di personafikasi sebagai tenaga medis yang melakukan tindakan operasi dan pemeriksaan. Ada lima responden yang memiliki ketinggian tubuh berbeda (variasi antropometri), yang di simulasikan menjadi tenaga medis. Evaluasi keergonomisan dilakukan dengan mengukur postur tubuh responden pada posisi tertentu dengan goniometer. Dari hasil pengukuran postur tubuh, didapat rentang ketinggian meja 85–90 cm adalah posisi operasional yang paling nyaman, yaitu dengan skor RULA 3 bagi seluruh variasi responden, sedangkan pengoperasian di luar rentang tersebut mengurangi keergonomisan sikap kerja tenaga medis, yaitu dengan skor RULA 4.
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The results of a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) between the Mechanical Engineering Department of ITS and several orthopedic experts, held on June 12, 2025, at the Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, concluded that the need for ergonomic and safe operating tables is highly crucial in healthcare facilities. This is to replace manual systems that pose high risks to medical personnel and hinder surgical precision. This study aims to conduct structural stability testing and an ergonomic evaluation of an operating table prototype used for surgical procedures or patient examinations. Structural stability testing was carried out under static load variations ranging from 0 kg to 95 kg, across seven table height variations ranging from 75 cm to 105 cm with 5 cm intervals. The measured stability parameters included the pitch angle, roll angle, and yaw displacement of the operating table. The test data were analyzed using two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine the significant effects between variables. The results showed a positive correlation between the increase in static load and elevation on the magnitude of deflection, with a maximum deviation recorded at a pitch angle of 3.05°, a roll angle of 4.00°, and a yaw displacement of 0,31° under maximum load and height conditions. Furthermore, an ergonomic evaluation was conducted using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method on five respondents with varying body heights (anthropometric variations), who simulated medical personnel performing surgeries and examinations. This evaluation was carried out by measuring the respondents' body postures at specific positions using a goniometer. Based on the body posture measurements, it was found that the table height range of 85–90 cm is the most comfortable operational position, achieving a RULA score of 3 across all respondent variations. Conversely, operating outside this range reduces the ergonomics of the medical personnel's working posture, resulting in a RULA score of 4.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ANOVA, Ergonomi, Meja Operasi, Penyimpangan Sudut, RULA, Angle of Deviation, ANOVA, Ergonomics, Operating Table, RULA
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ230 Machine design T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS173 Reliability of industrial products T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Bintang Khawarizmi Darwanto
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 06:43
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 06:43
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143436

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