Analisis Fitokimia, Aktivitas Antioksidan, Dan Profil Metabolit Ekstrak Air Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Roxb. Asal Nusa Tenggara Timur

Rachmadianka, Naila Najma (2026) Analisis Fitokimia, Aktivitas Antioksidan, Dan Profil Metabolit Ekstrak Air Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Roxb. Asal Nusa Tenggara Timur. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. merupakan tanaman obat Indonesia yang banyak dimanfaatkan secara tradisional, terutama dalam bentuk rebusan atau jamu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi profil fitokimia, kandungan fenolat dan flavonoid total, aktivitas antioksidan, serta profil metabolit ekstrak air dari Curcuma xanthorrhiza asal Nusa Tenggara Timur. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut n-heksana, diklorometana, etil asetat, dan metanol, serta metode dekoksi menggunakan air. Analisis meliputi skrining fitokimia, penentuan kadar fenolat total, kadar flavonoid total, uji antioksidan DPPH dan ABTS, serta analisis liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) pada ekstrak air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis pelarut memengaruhi kandungan metabolit dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak. Kadar fenolat total tertinggi diperoleh pada ekstrak diklorometana sebesar 54,33 ± 4,46 mg GAE/g ekstrak, sedangkan kadar flavonoid total tertinggi diperoleh pada ekstrak etil asetat sebesar 85,68 ± 4,57 mg QE/g ekstrak kering. Aktivitas antioksidan terbaik pada metode DPPH ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak diklorometana dengan nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 18,72 ± 0,49 ppm, sedangkan aktivitas terbaik pada metode ABTS ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak air dengan nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 4,25 ± 0,49 ppm. Analisis liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak air mengandung berbagai kelompok metabolit, meliputi terpenoid, kurkuminoid, fenolat, flavonoid, asam organik, gula, asam amino, dan turunan lipid, dengan senyawa dengan luas area puncak terbesar seperti (+)-ar-turmerone, 5,8-dihydroxy-3,5,8-trimethyl-4a,5,6,7,7a,8,9,9a-octahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2(4h)-one, asam glukonat, kurkumin, dan intermedin B. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa temulawak asal Nusa Tenggara Timur memiliki beragam metabolit yang teridentifikasi dan berpotensi bioaktif, sehingga dapat menjadi dasar bagi penelitian lebih lanjut.
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Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. is an Indonesian medicinal plant widely used in traditional preparations, particularly as decoctions or herbal drinks. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity, and metabolite profile of the aqueous extract of Curcuma xanthorrhiza originating from East Nusa Tenggara. Extraction was performed by maceration using n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, while the aqueous extract was prepared by decoction. The analyses included phytochemical screening, determination of total phenolic content and total flavonoid content, antioxidant assays using the DPPH and ABTS methods, and liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis of the aqueous extract. The results showed that solvent type affected the metabolite content and antioxidant activity of the extracts. The highest total phenolic content was obtained from the dichloromethane extract, at 54.33 ± 4.46 mg GAE/g extract, whereas the highest total flavonoid content was obtained from the ethyl acetate extract, at 85.68 ± 4.57 mg QE/g dry extract. The strongest antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay was exhibited by the dichloromethane extract, with an IC₅₀ value of 18.72 ± 0.49 ppm, whereas the strongest activity in the ABTS assay was exhibited by the aqueous extract, with an IC₅₀ value of 4.25 ± 0.49 ppm. Liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis indicated that the aqueous extract contained various metabolite groups, including terpenoids, curcuminoids, phenolics, flavonoids, organic acids, sugars, amino acids, and lipid derivatives. Compounds with relatively large peak areas included (+)-ar-turmerone, 5,8-dihydroxy-3,5,8-trimethyl-4a,5,6,7,7a,8,9,9a-octahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2(4H)-one, gluconic acid, curcumin, and intermedin B. These findings demonstrate that Curcuma xanthorrhiza from East Nusa Tenggara contains diverse tentatively identified metabolites with potential bioactivity, thereby providing a basis for further research.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Curcuma xanthorrhiza, temulawak, dekoksi, LC-HRMS, antioksidan, Decoction, antioxidant
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Naila Najma Rachmadianka
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 07:34
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 07:34
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143508

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