Sintesis Senyawa Hidrazon Dari Piridin-4-karbohidrazida Dan Bioaktivitasnya Terhadap Salmonella typhi Dan Shigella dysenteriae

Garuda, Iqbal Muhammad (2026) Sintesis Senyawa Hidrazon Dari Piridin-4-karbohidrazida Dan Bioaktivitasnya Terhadap Salmonella typhi Dan Shigella dysenteriae. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penyakit infeksi saluran pencernaan seperti demam tifoid yang disebabkan oleh Salmonella typhi dan shigellosis yang disebabkan oleh Shigella dysenteriae masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius. Hal ini diperparah dengan meningkatnya kasus resistensi multiobat (multi-drug resistance/MDR) terhadap kedua patogen. Keadaan ini mendorong untuk dilakukannya penelitian terkait perancangan dan pengembangan senyawa antibiotik baru yang lebih efektif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan sintesis tiga senyawa hidrazon dari prekursor piridin-4-karbohidrazida (1) dan mengevaluasi potensi antibakterinya terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi dan Shigella dysenteriae. Senyawa target hidrazon (3a-c) disintesis melalui reaksi kondensasi antara piridin-4-karbohidrazida dengan senyawa trans-sinamaldehida beserta turunannya (2a-c) tanpa menggunakan bantuan katalis. Identifikasi struktur senyawa hasil sintesis dilakukan dengan spektroskopi Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (1H dan 13C), Fourier Transformation Infrared (FTIR), dan Electrospray Ionization-High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy (ESI-HRMS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode sintesis ini berhasil memperoleh senyawa N’-((1E,2E)-3-fenilalilidena) isonikotinohidrazida (3a) dengan rendemen sebesar 58%, senyawa N’-((1E,2E)-3-(4-dimetilaminofenil)alilidena) isonikotinohidrazida (3b) sebesar 95%, dan senyawa N’-((1E,2E)-3-(4-nitrofenil)alilidena)isonikotinohidrazida (3c) sebesar 96%. Evaluasi potensi antibakteri pada senyawa hidrazon (3a-c) hasil sintesis terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi dan Shigella dysenteriae dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram. Hasil evaluasi antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa senyawa hidrazon (3a-c) aktif terhadap kedua bakteri dengan aktivitas lemah ke sedang. Senyawa hidrazon (3a) menunjukkan aktivitas terbaik di antara yang lain dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 9,91 mm terhadap Salmonella typhi dan 5,89 mm terhadap Shigella dysenteriae.
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Gastrointestinal infectious diseases such as typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi and shigellosis caused by Shigella dysenteriae remain serious public health concerns. This situation is further exacerbated by the increasing cases of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in both pathogens. This state encourages research related to the design and development of new and more effective antibiotic compounds. Therefore, this study aims to synthesize hydrazones from the precursor pyridine-4-carbohydrazide (1) and evaluate their potential. The target hydrazones (3a-c) were synthesized through a condensation reaction between pyridine-4-carbohydrazide (1) and trans-cinnamaldehyde along with its derivatives (2a-c) under catalyst-free conditions. The structural identification of the synthesized compounds were performed using NMR (1H and 13C), FTIR, and ESI-HRMS. The results demonstrated that this synthesis method successfully afforded N’-((1E,2E)-3-phenylallylidene)isonicotinohydrazide (3a) with a yield of 58%, N’-((1E,2E)-3-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)allylidene) isonicotinohydrazide (3b) with a yield of 95%, and N’-((1E,2E)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)allylidene) isonicotinohydrazide (3c) with a yield of 96%. Evaluation of antibacterial potency of the synthesized hydrazones (3a-c) against Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae was carried using disc diffusion method. The result showed that all hydrazones (3a-c) active against both bacteria with weak to moderate activity. Hydrazone (3a) showed the best activity among other with diameter of inhibition zone of 9,91 mm against Salmonella typhi and 5,89 mm against Shigella dysenteriae.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Hidrazon, Piridin-4-karbohidrazida, trans-Sinamaldehida, Antibakteri, Hydrazone, Pyridine-4-carbohydrazide, trans-Cinnamaldehyde, Antibacterial
Subjects: Q Science
Q Science > QD Chemistry
Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry
Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD471 Chemical compounds - Structure and formulas
Divisions: Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Iqbal Muhammad Garuda
Date Deposited: 05 Aug 2026 01:23
Last Modified: 05 Aug 2026 01:25
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143552

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