Wibisono, Dimas Kunto (2026) Optimasi Kecepatan Kapal LPG Berbasis Biaya Dan Emisi Karbon melalui Strategi Slow Steaming menggunakan Pendekatan Mixed Integer Linear Programming (Studi Kasus: Terminal LPG Tanjung Sekong). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Terminal LPG Tanjung Sekong merupakan salah satu terminal distribusi LPG yang melayani kegiatan bongkar muat kapal sebagai bagian dari rantai pasok energi nasional. Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah waiting jetty dengan proposi sebesar 26% dari TLPG Tanjung Sekong. Hal tersesbut disebabkan oleh ketidaksesuaian antara waktu kedatangan kapal dengan ketersediaan jetty. Selama periode tersebut, kapal tetap mengonsumsi bahan bakar untuk menunjang aktivitas operasional yang berdampak pada meningkatnya biaya bunker serta emisi karbon. Kondisi tersebut mengindikasikan belum optimalnya penyesuaian antara waktu kedatangan kapal dan kesiapan pelayanan terminal sehingga diperlukan penentuan alternatif kecepatan kapal yang lebih sesuai dengan kondisi operasional terminal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengembangkan model optimasi perencanaan dan penjadwalan kapal LPG melalui strategi slow steaming untuk meminimumkan biaya bunker sekaligus mengurangi waiting time kapal. Permasalahan tersebut dimodelkan menggunakan pendekatan Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) dengan mengakomodasi variabel-variabel yang memengaruhi, seperti jadwal kapal, tipe kapal, waktu pelayanan (processing time), harga bunker, konsumsi bahan bakar, waktu pelayaran, Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA), ketersediaan jetty, dan waiting time. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model yang dikembangkan mampu menghasilkan alternatif kecepatan kapal yang menurunkan waiting time sebesar 14%, meminimumkan total biaya bunker sebesar 10%, serta memberikan estimasi potensi pengurangan emisi karbon sebesar 221,7 MT CO2 setiap bulan dibandingkan kondisi eksisting.
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Tanjung Sekong LPG Terminal serves as a key facility for vessel loading and unloading operations within Indonesia’s national energy supply chain. One of the major operational issues identified is jetty waiting time, which accounts for approximately 26% of the total operational time at the Tanjung Sekong LPG Terminal. This condition is primarily caused by the mismatch between vessel arrival times and jetty availability. During the waiting period, vessels continue consuming fuel to support onboard operational activities, resulting in higher bunker costs and increased carbon emissions. These conditions indicate that the synchronization between vessel arrival schedules and terminal service readiness has not yet been optimized, highlighting the need to determine more appropriate vessel speed alternatives based on terminal operating conditions. Therefore, this study develops an optimization model for LPG vessel planning and scheduling through a slow steaming strategy to minimize bunker costs while simultaneously reducing vessel waiting time. The problem is formulated using a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) approach by incorporating key operational variables, including vessel schedules, vessel types, processing times, bunker prices, fuel consumption, sailing time, Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA), jetty availability, and waiting time. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can generate optimal vessel speed alternatives that reduce waiting time by 14%, minimize total bunker costs by 10%, and achieve an estimated reduction in carbon emissions of 221.7 metric tons of CO2 per month compared with the existing operating conditions.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Waiting time, Slow steaming, Bunker, MILP, Kapal LPG, Emisi Karbon |
| Subjects: | V Naval Science > V Naval Science (General) > V220 Naval ports, bases, reservations, docks, etc. V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM276.A1 Fuel (Including supplies, costs, etc.) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36101-(S2) Master Theses |
| Depositing User: | Dimas Kunto Wibisono |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2026 01:15 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2026 01:15 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143583 |
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