AS, Jaka Setyadi AS (2026) Analisis Mekanisme Kelongsoran dan Evaluasi Alternatif Perkuatan Segemental Wall Menggunakan Finite Element Method Pada Jalan Tol Mojokerto-Kertosono Overpass Kedungmlati 2. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kelongsoran yang terjadi pada Jalan Tol Mojokerto–Kertosono Overpass Kedungmlati 2 STA 0+950 mengakibatkan kerusakan pada dinding penahan tanah Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) Wall, terputusnya geogrid, serta rusaknya saluran drainase. Berdasarkan hasil investigasi lapangan, kelongsoran dipicu oleh infiltrasi air hujan akibat hujan berdurasi lama dan berintensitas tinggi yang diperparah oleh tidak berfungsinya sistem drainase sehingga menyebabkan peningkatan derajat kejenuhan tanah timbunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi mekanisme dan penyebab kelongsoran serta mengevaluasi alternatif penanganannya melalui rekonstruksi MSE Wall, geogrid, dan saluran drainase. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data primer dan sekunder, meliputi gambar desain, data tanah terdahulu, data tanah terkini, dan hasil pengujian laboratorium, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan pemodelan numerik dengan perangkat lunak PLAXIS. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan data tanah terkini menghasilkan Safety Factor (SF) sebesar 1,565, sehingga belum mampu merepresentasikan kondisi kelongsoran di lapangan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan variasi derajat kejenuhan tanah (Sr.) sebesar 50%, 62,5%, 75%, 87,5%, dan 100%. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa pada Sr. ≥ 87,5% lereng mengalami kondisi failure (SF < 1,0), namun pola kelongsoran masih berbeda dengan kondisi aktual. Rekonstruksi mekanisme kelongsoran baru dapat diperoleh melalui integrasi data tanah terkini, dan hasil pengujian laboratorium dengan variasi derajat kejenuhan, sehingga menghasilkan pola bidang gelincir yang mendekati kondisi di lapangan. Alternatif penanganan berupa perkuatan lereng menggunakan shotcrete, rekonstruksi dinding penahan tanah dengan gabion, mampu meningkatkan nilai Safety Factor (SF) menjadi 1,946, sehingga lereng memenuhi kriteria aman sesuai SNI 8460:2017. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi, data investigasi terkini, dan variasi derajat kejenuhan dalam pemodelan numerik merupakan pendekatan yang lebih representatif untuk merekonstruksi mekanisme kelongsoran serta mendukung perencanaan penanganan lereng timbunan jalan tol.
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A slope failure that occurred at Mojokerto–Kertosono Toll Road, Kedungmlati 2 Overpass STA 0+950 caused severe damage to the Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) wall, rupture of the geogrid reinforcement, and failure of the drainage system. Based on field investigations, the failure was primarily triggered by rainfall infiltration resulting from prolonged and high-intensity rainfall, which was exacerbated by the malfunction of the drainage system, leading to an increase in the degree of saturation of the embankment soil.
This study aims to identify the failure mechanism and the factors causing the slope failure, as well as to evaluate appropriate remedial measures through the reconstruction of the MSE wall, geogrid reinforcement, and drainage system. The research was conducted using primary and secondary data, including design drawings, historical and recent geotechnical investigation data, and laboratory test results, which were subsequently analyzed using numerical modeling with PLAXIS. The analysis indicated that the use of the recent soil data alone produced a Safety Factor (SF) of 1.565, suggesting that the slope remained stable and could not reproduce the observed field failure. Therefore, laboratory tests were performed by varying the degree of saturation (Sr.) to 50%, 62.5%, 75%, 87.5%, and 100%. The numerical simulation showed that the slope reached a failure condition (SF < 1.0) at Sr. ≥ 87.5%; however, the predicted failure surface still differed from the actual field condition. A representative failure mechanism was successfully reconstructed by integrating historical soil data, recent investigation data, and laboratory test results with varying degrees of saturation, resulting in a predicted slip surface that closely matched the observed field failure. The proposed remedial measures consisted of slope protection using shotcrete, reconstruction of the damaged retaining structure using gabion walls, and rehabilitation of the drainage system. The PLAXIS analysis demonstrated that these measures increased the Safety Factor (SF) to 1.946, indicating that the slope satisfied the stability requirements specified in SNI 8460:2017 (Indonesian Standard for Geotechnical Design). This study demonstrates that integrating historical geotechnical data, recent site investigation data, and degree of saturation variations in numerical modeling provides a more representative approach for reconstructing slope failure mechanisms and supporting the design of mitigation measures for highway embankment slopes.
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