Pengaruh Sulfonasi Pada Katalis UiO-66 Dan BNT/UiO-66 Untuk Esterifikasi Asam Oleat

Elisza Rahmawati, Elisza (2026) Pengaruh Sulfonasi Pada Katalis UiO-66 Dan BNT/UiO-66 Untuk Esterifikasi Asam Oleat. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Telah dilakukan sintesis dan modifikasi Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) UiO-66 melalui penambahan bentonit dan sulfonasi untuk menghasilkan katalis UiO-66, BNT/UiO-66, UiO-66-SO3H, dan BNT/UiO-66-SO3H yang digunakan pada reaksi esterifikasi asam oleat dengan metanol. Material dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, dan BET, sedangkan produk biodiesel dianalisis dengan titrasi untuk menentukan FFA, GC-MS, uji densitas, dan uji nyala. Optimasi kondisi reaksi dilakukan secara bertahap melalui variasi rasio molar asam oleat:metanol, suhu, dan waktu reaksi menggunakan katalis UiO-66 dan BNT/UiO-66. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum untuk katalis UiO-66 diperoleh pada rasio molar asam oleat:metanol 1:5, suhu 100°C, dan waktu reaksi 2 jam dengan konversi asam oleat sebesar 30,96% dan selektivitas metil ester sebesar 14,66%. Sementara itu, katalis BNT/UiO-66 menunjukkan kondisi optimum pada rasio molar 1:5, suhu 80°C, dan waktu reaksi 2 jam dengan konversi asam oleat sebesar 35,47% dan selektivitas metil ester sebesar 14,75%. Pengujian katalis UiO-66-SO3H pada kondisi optimum UiO-66 menghasilkan konversi asam oleat sebesar 31,12% dan selektivitas metil ester sebesar 3,79%. Pengujian katalis BNT/UiO-66-SO3H pada kondisi optimum BNT/UiO-66 menghasilkan konversi asam oleat sebesar 48,73% dan selektivitas metil ester sebesar 2,41%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan bentonit dan sulfonasi meningkatkan nilai konversi asam oleat. Penambahan bentonit pada katalis tanpa sulfonasi juga meningkatkan selektivitas metil esternya. Namun, selektivitas metil ester pada katalis tersulfonasi lebih rendah dari pada katalis tanpa sulfonasi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa penerapan kondisi optimum katalis tanpa sulfonasi pada katalis tersulfonasi belum menghasilkan selektivitas metil ester yang optimum sehingga diperlukan optimasi kondisi reaksi lebih lanjut.
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Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) UiO-66 was synthesized and modified through bentonite incorporation and sulfonation to produce UiO-66, BNT/UiO-66, UiO-66-SO3H, and BNT/UiO-66-SO3H catalysts for the esterification of oleic acid with methanol. The synthesized materials were characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, dan BET. The biodiesel products were analyzed by free fatty acid (FFA) titration, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), density measurement, and flame test. The reaction conditions were optimized by varying the oleic acid-to-methanol molar ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time using UiO-66 and BNT/UiO-66 catalysts. The optimum reaction conditions for UiO-66 were obtained at an oleic acid-to-methanol molar ratio of 1:5, a reaction temperature of 100°C, and a reaction time of 2 h, resulting in an oleic acid conversion of 30.96% and a methyl ester selectivity of 14.66%. Meanwhile, the optimum conditions for BNT/UiO-66 were achieved at a molar ratio of 1:5, a reaction temperature of 80°C, and a reaction time of 2 h, yielding an oleic acid conversion of 35.47% and a methyl ester selectivity of 14.75%. The UiO-66-SO3H catalyst, evaluated under the optimum conditions of UiO-66, achieved an oleic acid conversion of 31.12% with a methyl ester selectivity of 3.79%. Similarly, the BNT/UiO-66-SO3H catalyst, evaluated under the optimum conditions of BNT/UiO-66, resulted in an oleic acid conversion of 48.73% and a methyl ester selectivity of 2.41%. The results indicate that both bentonite incorporation and sulfonation enhanced oleic acid conversion. In addition, bentonite incorporation into the non-sulfonated catalyst improved methyl ester selectivity. However, the sulfonated catalysts exhibited lower methyl ester selectivity than their non-sulfonated counterparts. These findings indicate that applying the optimum reaction conditions of the non-sulfonated catalysts to the sulfonated catalysts did not result in optimum methyl ester selectivity, suggesting that further optimization of the reaction conditions is required.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kata kunci: asam oleat, biodiesel, BNT/UiO-66, esterifikasi, sulfonasi, UiO-66. ======================================================================================================================== Keywords: biodiesel, BNT/UiO-66, esterification, oleic acid, sulfonation, UiO-66.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD305.A2 O73 Esterification Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD501 Catalysis. Catalysts.
Divisions:	Faculty of Natural Science > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Elisza Rahmawati
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 08:27
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 08:27
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143601

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