Analisis Strategi Pelumasan Silinder untuk Pengurangan Keausan dan Peningkatan Performa pada Mesin Diesel Marine Common Rail Berbahan Bakar LSFO

Khumaidi, Agus (2026) Analisis Strategi Pelumasan Silinder untuk Pengurangan Keausan dan Peningkatan Performa pada Mesin Diesel Marine Common Rail Berbahan Bakar LSFO. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Implementasi regulasi IMO 2020 (MARPOL Annex VI) yang membatasi sulfur bahan bakar maritim maksimal 0,5% m/m telah memunculkan tantangan operasional baru pada armada Pertamina International Shipping, khususnya mesin common rail Wärtsilä 7RT-flex 58T pada segmen Gas Carrier, dengan mesin konvensional MAN B&W Mitsui pada segmen Tanker Carrier sebagai referensi pembanding data operasional lapangan. LSFO Indonesia yang dipasok dari sumber-sumber lokal menunjukkan viskositas sangat rendah (3–21 mm²/s pada 50 °C) — jauh di bawah rata-rata global VLSFO (~80–105 mm²/s) — dan menyebabkan rangkaian insiden mulai dari oversizing compression area, patah piston ring, hingga cracking cylinder liner. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan: (1) karakterisasi komprehensif tiga sampel LSFO Indonesia representative dari Cilacap, Jakarta blend, dan Singapore baseline; (2) evaluasi kondisi ruang bakar pada berbagai kombinasi cylinder oil; serta (3) analisis dan evaluasi parameter Base Number (BN) dan feed rate cylinder oil. Metodologi mengintegrasikan karakterisasi fuel (ASTM D445, D4052, HFRR ISO 12156-1, SARA D2007), pengujian engine pada 27 kombinasi screening (3 fuel × 3 BN × 3 feed rate, 25 jam per kondisi) yang dilanjutkan validasi 9 kombinasi terbaik (observasi bulanan selama 3 bulan per kondisi), serta karakterisasi deposit melalui XRD, SEM-EDS, dan Vickers microhardness. Hasil penelitian mengonfirmasi prediksi VPS (2020) dan Schildhauer (2019) bahwa kombinasi cylinder oil BN 40 dengan LSFO low-sulfur menyebabkan akumulasi deposit CaCO₃ abrasif (62% w/w via Rietveld) yang memicu wear rate 4–5 kali normal. Universal sweet spot teridentifikasi pada kombinasi BN 25 + 0,7 g/kWh untuk LSFO Indonesia low-sulfur (Sampel A & B), menghasilkan iron content 145–170 ppm, reserve BN stabil 28–35%, dan wear rate 0,016–0,022 mm/1000h — semua jauh di dalam threshold acceptable. Sampel C baseline mempertahankan optimal pada BN 40 + 0,9 g/kWh sesuai praktik internasional. Decision tool berbasis viskositas dan sulfur content dikembangkan sebagai keluaran praktis, serta diproyeksikan menghemat USD 245 ribu per vessel-tahun (26,5%) dibanding baseline saat ini.
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operational field-data reference. Indonesian LSFO supplied from local sources exhibits very low viscosity (3–21 mm²/s at 50 °C) — far below the global VLSFO average (~80–105 mm²/s) — and has triggered a series of incidents including compression area oversizing, piston ring breakage, and cylinder liner cracking. This research aims to: (1) comprehensively characterize three representative Indonesian LSFO samples from Cilacap, Jakarta blend, and Singapore baseline; (2) evaluate combustion chamber conditions under various cylinder oil configurations; and (3) analysis and evaluation Base Number (BN) and feed rate parameters. The methodology integrates fuel characterization (ASTM D445, D4052, HFRR ISO 12156-1, SARA D2007), engine testing on 27 screening combinations (3 fuel × 3 BN × 3 feed rate, 25 hours per condition) followed by 9 top-combination validation (monthly monitoring over 3 months per condition), and deposit characterization via XRD, SEM-EDS, and Vickers microhardness. Results confirm the predictions of VPS (2020) and Schildhauer (2019) that BN 40 cylinder oil paired with low-sulfur LSFO causes abrasive CaCO3 deposit accumulation (62% w/w by Rietveld refinement) triggering wear rates 4–5× normal. A universal sweet spot is identified at BN 25 + 0.7 g/kWh for low-sulfur Indonesian LSFO (Samples A & B), yielding iron content of 145–170 ppm, stable reserve BN of 28–35%, and wear rate of 0.016–0.022 mm/1000h — all well within acceptable thresholds. Sample C baseline retains its optimum at BN 40 + 0.9 g/kWh per international practice. A viscosity- and sulfur-based decision tool is developed as a practical output, projected to save USD 245 thousand per vessel-year (26.5%) compared with current baseline operation.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	LSFO Indonesia, common rail marine diesel, cylinder oil, Base Number, feed rate, oil analysis, IMO 2020, Pertamina International Shipping
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VC Naval Maintenance > VC 270-279 Equipment of vessels, supplier,allowances,etc V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM276.A1 Fuel (Including supplies, costs, etc.) V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM731 Marine Engines
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36101-(S2) Master Theses
Depositing User:	Agus Khumaidi
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 07:35
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 07:35
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143679

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