Sintesis Senyawa Azina Simetris Melalui Reaksi Kondensasi Menggunakan Berbagai Aldehida Aromatik Dan Hidrazina Hidrat

Iyangkara, Mukhammad Wahdan Mukhlas (2026) Sintesis Senyawa Azina Simetris Melalui Reaksi Kondensasi Menggunakan Berbagai Aldehida Aromatik Dan Hidrazina Hidrat. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Azina merupakan turunan basa Schiff yang mengandung gugus diimina (–C=N–N=C–) dan memiliki potensi aplikasi yang luas dalam bidang farmakologi, kimia koordinasi, serta penginderaan molekuler. Seiring meningkatnya perhatian terhadap prinsip kimia hijau, pengembangan metode sintesis azina yang lebih sederhana, efisien, dan ramah lingkungan menjadi semakin penting. Berbagai metode sintesis azina telah dilaporkan, namun umumnya masih melibatkan penggunaan katalis, suhu reaksi yang tinggi, atau peralatan khusus yang berpotensi meningkatkan konsumsi energi, biaya, dan kompleksitas proses. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis azina simetris melalui reaksi kondensasi langsung aldehida aromatik dengan hidrazina hidrat dalam pelarut etanol pada suhu ruang tanpa penambahan katalis dengan waktu reaksi yang dipersingkat sebagai pendekatan sintesis yang lebih sederhana dan ramah lingkungan. Sintesis dilakukan melalui reaksi kondensasi antara hidrazina hidrat (1) dan aldehida aromatik (2a–d), yaitu benzaldehida (2a), 4-klorobenzaldehida (2b), 4-metilbenzaldehida (2c), dan trans-sinamaldehida (2d). Reaksi dilakukan pada suhu ruang dengan pengadukan dalam pelarut etanol tanpa penambahan katalis. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa metode ini mampu menghasilkan senyawa azina dengan rendemen yang tinggi. Dihasilkan senyawa 1,2-di((E)-benzilidena)hidrazina (3a) dengan rendemen 92,72%, 1,2-bis((E)-4-klorobenzilidena)hidrazina (3b) dengan rendemen 95,86%, 1,2-bis((E)-4-metilbenzilidena)hidrazina (3c) dengan rendemen 89,14%, dan (1E,2E)-1,2-bis((E)-3-fenilalilidena)hidrazina (3d) dengan rendemen 64,58%. Identifikasi dan konfirmasi struktur senyawa hasil sintesis dilakukan menggunakan spektroskopi 1H-NMR, FTIR, dan HRMS. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, metode ini efektif digunakan dalam sintesis senyawa azina dengan kondisi reaksi yang relatif sederhana dan ramah lingkungan.
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Azines are Schiff base derivatives containing diimine functional group (–C=N–N=C–) with broad potential applications in pharmacology, coordination chemistry, and molecular sensing. As interest in green chemistry principles continues to grow, the development of simpler, more efficient, and environmentally friendly methods for azine synthesis has become increasingly important. Various synthetic methods for azines have been reported. However, they generally still involve the use of catalysts, elevated reaction temperatures, or specialized equipment which may increase energy consumption, cost, and process complexity. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize symmetrical azines via direct condensation of aromatic aldehydes with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol at room temperature without the addition of a catalyst using a shortened reaction time as a simpler and more environmentally friendly synthetic approach. The synthesis was carried out through condensation reactions between hydrazine hydrate (1) and aromatic aldehydes (2a–d), namely benzaldehyde (2a), 4-chlorobenzaldehyde (2b), 4-methylbenzaldehyde (2c), and trans-cinnamaldehyde (2d). All reactions were performed at room temperature under stirring in ethanol without any catalyst. The results demonstrated that this method is capable of producing azine compounds in high yields. 1,2-di((E)-benzylidene)hydrazine (3a) was obtained in 92,72% yield, 1,2-bis((E)-4-chlorobenzylidene)hydrazine (3b) in 95,86% yield, 1,2-bis((E)-4-methylbenzylidene)hydrazine (3c) in 89,14% yield, and (1E,2E)-1,2-bis((E)-3-phenylallylidene)hydrazine (3d) in 64,58% yield. Structural identification and confirmation of the synthesized compounds were performed using ¹H-NMR, FTIR, and HRMS spectroscopy. Based on the results obtained, this method is effective for the synthesis of azine compounds under relatively simple and environmentally friendly reaction conditions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Azina simetris, ramah lingkungan, reaksi kondensasi, suhu ruang, tanpa katalis, catalyst-free, condensation reaction, green chemistry, room temperature, symmetrical azines.
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD471 Chemical compounds - Structure and formulas
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mukhammad Wahdan Mukhlas Iyangkara
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2026 01:05
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2026 01:05
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143716

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