Rosanti, Yuniar Frida (2026) Pengaruh Variasi Prekursor Silika Terhadap Karakteristik Katalis Ni-Cu/Mesopori Silika Bertemplat Lerak dan Kinerjanya pada Reaksi Deoksigenasi Waste Cooking Oil Menjadi Biofuel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kebutuhan energi yang terus meningkat serta menipisnya cadangan bahan bakar fosil mendorong pengembangan energi alternatif yang berkelanjutan, salah satunya biofuel yang berasal dari waste cooking oil (WCO). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi prekursor silika, yaitu tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), kaolin, dan metakaolin, terhadap karakteristik katalis Ni-Cu/mesopori silika bertemplat lerak serta kinerjanya pada reaksi deoksigenasi WCO menjadi biofuel. Sintesis mesopori silika dilakukan menggunakan ekstrak buah lerak (Sapindus rarak) sebagai templat alami melalui metode hidrotermal, dilanjutkan dengan proses pertukaran ion menggunakan amonium asetat dan impregnasi logam Ni-Cu dengan total muatan logam 10% berat. Karakterisasi katalis dilakukan menggunakan XRD, FTIR, adsorpsi-desorpsi nitrogen, FESEM-EDX, dan Raman, sedangkan aktivitas katalitik dievaluasi melalui reaksi deoksigenasi pada suhu 360°C selama 3 jam dengan analisis produk menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi prekursor silika memengaruhi karakteristik katalis, terutama ukuran kristalit, dispersi logam, dan struktur pori. Impregnasi logam Ni-Cu berhasil meningkatkan jumlah situs aktif tanpa mengubah struktur dasar mesopori silika. Seluruh katalis mampu meningkatkan konversi reaksi hingga mencapai 100%, sedangkan katalis Ni-Cu/mesopori silika berbasis kaolin menunjukkan aktivitas terbaik dengan yield biofuel sebesar 65,19%. Analisis FTIR produk menunjukkan penurunan gugus oksigenat dan dominasi gugus hidrokarbon alifatik, yang mengindikasikan keberhasilan proses deoksigenasi dalam menghasilkan biofuel dengan karakteristik yang mendekati green diesel. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan prekursor berbasis mineral alam dan template lerak merupakan pendekatan yang potensial untuk menghasilkan katalis ramah lingkungan dengan aktivitas yang baik dalam konversi minyak jelantah menjadi biofuel.
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The increasing global energy demand and the depletion of fossil fuel resources have driven the development of sustainable alternative fuels, including biofuel derived from waste cooking oil (WCO). This study aimed to investigate the effect of silica precursor variation, namely tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), kaolin, and metakaolin, on the characteristics of lerak-templated Ni-Cu/mesoporous silica catalysts and their performance in the deoxygenation of WCO into biofuel. Mesoporous silica was synthesized via a hydrothermal method using Sapindus rarak (lerak) extract as a natural template, followed by ion-exchange treatment with ammonium acetate and wet impregnation of Ni-Cu bimetallic species with a total metal loading of 10 wt%. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, FESEM-EDX, and Raman spectroscopy, while their catalytic performance was evaluated through the deoxygenation reaction at 360°C for 3 hours and the products were analyzed using GC-MS. The results demonstrated that the silica precursor significantly affected the catalyst characteristics, particularly crystallite size, metal dispersion, and pore structure. Ni-Cu impregnation successfully increased the number of active sites without altering the mesoporous silica framework. All catalysts achieved 100% conversion during the deoxygenation reaction, whereas the kaolin-based Ni-Cu/mesoporous silica catalyst exhibited the highest biofuel yield of 65.19%. FTIR analysis of the biofuel products revealed a reduction in oxygen-containing functional groups and the predominance of aliphatic hydrocarbons, indicating successful deoxygenation and the formation of biofuel with properties approaching those of green diesel. These findings suggest that natural mineral-based silica precursors and lerak extract as a natural template offer a promising and environmentally friendly approach for producing efficient catalysts for the conversion of waste cooking oil into biofuel.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biofuel, Deoksigenasi, Lerak, Mesopori Silika, Waste Cooking Oil, Biofuel, Deoxygenation, Lerak, Mesoporous silica, Waste cooking oil |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD117.S64 Spectrophotometry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD501 Catalysis. Catalysts. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Yuniar Frida Rosanti |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2026 01:20 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2026 01:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143721 |
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