Modifikasi Katalis Silika Mesopori Bertemplat Daun Waru Melalui Variasi Pengembanan Logam Untuk Deoksigenasi Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Biofuel

Nurkhalizah, Zanna Allia (2026) Modifikasi Katalis Silika Mesopori Bertemplat Daun Waru Melalui Variasi Pengembanan Logam Untuk Deoksigenasi Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Biofuel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Minyak jelantah merupakan limbah yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku biofuel melalui reaksi deoksigenasi untuk menghasilkan hidrokarbon yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi bahan bakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis katalis silika mesopori bertemplat ekstrak daun waru yang dimodifikasi dengan logam Co, Ni, W, dan Mo pada loading logam 5% berat serta mengevaluasi pengaruh jenis logam terhadap sifat fisikokimia dan aktivitas katalitik pada reaksi deoksigenasi minyak jelantah. Silika mesopori disintesis menggunakan tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) dan ekstrak daun waru melalui kombinasi metode hidrotermal, kemudian logam aktif diembankan dengan metode impregnasi basah. Katalis yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), adsorpsi-desorpsi N₂, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), dan Temperature Programmed Desorption of Ammonia (NH₃-TPD). Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa struktur mesopori silika tetap terjaga setelah impregnasi logam. Impregnasi logam menghasilkan katalis dengan luas permukaan BET sebesar 406,28-446,82 m²/g dan diameter pori 4,887-6,079 nm yang masih berada pada rentang mesopori. Analisis NH₃-TPD menunjukkan dominasi situs asam lemah dengan total keasaman tertinggi pada katalis 5%Ni/MS sebesar 354,90 μmol/g. Uji deoksigenasi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan katalis meningkatkan konversi minyak jelantah dibandingkan reaksi tanpa katalis. Katalis 5%Mo/MS menghasilkan konversi tertinggi sebesar 99,96%, selektivitas hidrokarbon sebesar 97,61%, dan selektivitas alkana sebesar 84,70%, sedangkan katalis 5%Ni/MS menghasilkan yield produk cair tertinggi sebesar 60,76%. Variasi logam aktif memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap sifat fisikokimia dan aktivitas katalitik katalis, di mana katalis 5%Mo/MS menunjukkan performa deoksigenasi terbaik berdasarkan konversi, selektivitas hidrokarbon, dan selektivitas alkana yang diperoleh.
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Waste cooking oil is a potential feedstock for biofuel production through deoxygenation reactions to produce hydrocarbons with fuel-like properties. This study aimed to synthesize mesoporous silica catalysts templated with Hibiscus tiliaceus leaf extract and modified with 5 wt"/o Co, Ni, W, and Mo, as well as to evaluate the effect of metal species on the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance in the deoxygenation of waste cooking oil. Mesoporous silica was synthesized from tetraethyl orthosilicate {TEOS) and Hibiscus tiliaceus leaf extract using a hydrothermal method, followed by metal incorporation through wet impregnation. The catalysts were characterized using Xray Diffraction {XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy {FTIR), Nz adsorption-desorption analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), and NIL-Temperature Programmed Desorption {Nlli-TPD). Characterization results confirmed that the mesoporous silica structure was preserved after metal impregnation. The catalysts exhibited BET surface areas ranging from 406.28 to 446.82 m2/g and pore diameters of 4.887--(;.079 mn, indicating the retention of mesoporous characteristics. NIL-TPD analysis revealed the predominance of weak acid sites, with the highest total acidity observed for 5%Ni/MS (354.90 J.UllOI/g). Deoxygenation tests showed that the use of catalysts increased the conversion of waste cooking oil compared to the non-catalytic reaction. The 5%Mo/MS catalyst achieved the highest conversion (99.96%), hydrocarbon selectivity (97.61%), and alkane selectivity (84,70%), while 5%Ni/MS produced the highest liquid product yield (60.76%). The results demonstrate that the type of active metal significantly influences the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of the catalysts, with 5%Mo/MS exhibiting the best deoxygenation performance based on conversion, hydrocarbon selectivity, and alkane selectivity.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biofuel, Deoksigenasi, Ekstrak Daun Waru, Minyak Jelantah, Silika Mesopori, Biofuel, Deoxygenation, Hibiscus tiliaceus Leaf Extract, Mesoporous Silica, Waste Cooking Oil.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD501 Catalysis. Catalysts.
Divisions:	Faculty of Natural Science > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Zanna Allia Nurkhalizah
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2026 02:27
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2026 02:27
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143828

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