Tarigan, Muamar Shiddiq Atallah (2026) Analysis Of The Performance Response Of An Automatic Ship Bilge And Ballast Control System With A High-Level Interlock Feature Based On Siemens S7-1200 PLC. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
The bilge and ballast operations are two essential systems that play key roles in maintaining the safety, stability, and reliability of a ship during operation. On many small and medium-sized vessels, both systems are still controlled manually or through conventional relay circuits that lack flexibility. These conditions increase the potential for human error, delayed response, and difficulties in implementing safety mechanisms such as high-level interlocks. Therefore, an automatic control system is required to improve the response speed, accuracy, and operational safety of the bilge and ballast systems. This research addresses the problem of how to design automatic control logic for bilge and ballast systems that can manage level sensors, operate pumps and valves, and apply a High-Level Interlock feature using a Siemens S7-1200 PLC. Additionally, this study resolves the challenge of how to validate system performance without a physical prototype through a software-based simulation approach using Totally Integrated Automation (TIA) Portal. The objectives of this research are: (1) to design bilge and ballast control logic using Function Block Diagram (FBD), covering operational sequences, safety features, and interlocks; (2) to implement the designed logic within the TIA Portal simulation environment (PLCSIM) and WinCC HMI; and (3) to analyze the system's response to varying water level conditions to assess the speed, consistency, and accuracy of the control logic. The research method includes system requirement identification, literature study, technical data analysis, control architecture design, FBD program development, and simulation testing to observe logical behavior under normal and abnormal operating scenarios. The results are expected to show that the automatic system based on Siemens S7-1200 can respond quickly and consistently to water level changes, activate pumps according to safe sequences, and prevent unsafe operations through the High-Level Interlock. The system also proves to be more flexible and easier to modify compared to relay-based control. Simulation results indicate that integrating bilge and ballast operations within a single advanced PLC can be achieved without logical conflicts, while improving operational reliability and efficiency with 100% success rate and reaction time in the range of 1 to 7 seconds
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Operasi bilga dan ballast merupakan dua sistem penting yang berperan dalam menjaga keselamatan, stabilitas, dan keandalan kapal selama berlayar. Pada banyak kapal kecil dan menengah, kedua sistem tersebut masih dikendalikan secara manual atau menggunakan rangkaian relai konvensional yang kurang fleksibel. Kondisi ini meningkatkan potensi *human error*, keterlambatan respons, serta kesulitan dalam menerapkan mekanisme pengamanan, seperti *high-level interlock*. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengembangan sistem kontrol otomatis yang mampu meningkatkan kecepatan respons, akurasi, dan keselamatan operasi bilga dan ballast. Penelitian ini membahas perancangan logika kontrol otomatis untuk sistem bilga dan ballast yang mampu mengelola sensor level, mengoperasikan pompa dan katup, serta menerapkan fitur *high-level interlock* menggunakan PLC Siemens S7-1200. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga memvalidasi performa sistem tanpa prototipe fisik melalui pendekatan simulasi berbasis perangkat lunak menggunakan Totally Integrated Automation (TIA) Portal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) merancang logika kontrol bilga dan ballast menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Function Block Diagram (FBD) yang mencakup urutan operasi, fitur keselamatan, dan *interlock*; (2) mengimplementasikan rancangan logika tersebut ke dalam lingkungan simulasi TIA Portal (PLCSIM) dan WinCC HMI; serta (3) menganalisis respons sistem terhadap variasi kondisi level air untuk menilai kecepatan, konsistensi, dan akurasi logika kontrol. Metode penelitian meliputi identifikasi kebutuhan sistem, studi literatur, analisis data teknis, perancangan arsitektur kontrol, pengembangan program FBD, serta pengujian simulasi untuk mengamati perilaku logika pada skenario operasi normal maupun abnormal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem otomatis berbasis Siemens S7-1200 mampu merespons perubahan level air secara cepat dan konsisten, mengaktifkan pompa sesuai urutan operasi yang aman, serta mencegah kondisi operasi yang berbahaya melalui fitur *high-level interlock*. Sistem ini juga terbukti lebih fleksibel dan lebih mudah dimodifikasi dibandingkan sistem kontrol berbasis relai. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa integrasi operasi bilga dan ballast dalam satu PLC dapat dicapai tanpa konflik logika, sekaligus meningkatkan keandalan dan efisiensi operasional dengan tingkat keberhasilan 100% serta waktu respons antara 1 hingga 7 detik.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Ballast, Bilga, Interlock, PLC, Siemens S7-1200, Ballast, Bilge, Interlock, PLC, Siemens S7-1200 |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muamar Shiddiq Atallah Tarigan |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2026 02:03 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2026 02:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143867 |
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