Dinamika Populasi Bakteri Vibrio Sp. Dan Lactobacillus Sp. Pada Sistem Silvofishery Serta Implikasinya Terhadap Kesehatan Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus Vannamei)

Taqwa, Brilian Amanat (2026) Dinamika Populasi Bakteri Vibrio Sp. Dan Lactobacillus Sp. Pada Sistem Silvofishery Serta Implikasinya Terhadap Kesehatan Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus Vannamei). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove memiliki peran dalam menjaga keseimbangan lingkungan budidaya udang melalui perbaikan kualitas air dan keseimbangan mikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh tingkat tutupan mangrove terhadap struktur vegetasi, kualitas air, populasi Vibrio sp. dan Lactobacillus sp., kondisi histopatologi hepatopankreas udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei), serta hubungan antarparameter pada sistem silvofishery di Kecamatan Labuhan Maringgai, Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Penelitian dilakukan pada tiga tambak dengan tingkat tutupan mangrove 0%, 30%, dan 50% selama empat minggu pengamatan. Struktur vegetasi dianalisis menggunakan metode transek, tutupan vegetasi menggunakan Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), populasi bakteri dianalisis menggunakan metode kultur pada media TCBS dan MRS Agar, kualitas air diukur secara in situ, histopatologi diamati menggunakan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin, sedangkan hubungan antarparameter dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Spearman dan divisualisasikan menggunakan Cytoscape. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tutupan mangrove meningkatkan kerapatan vegetasi dan kelas NDVI dari kategori jarang menjadi rapat. Tambak dengan tutupan mangrove 50% memiliki kualitas air yang lebih baik dengan nilai DO 4,86 ± 0,23 mg/L, lebih tinggi dibandingkan tambak tanpa mangrove (4,48 ± 0,38 mg/L). Rata-rata populasi Vibrio sp. menurun dari 7.508,25 ± 3.125,92 CFU/mL pada tutupan mangrove 0% menjadi 2.608,50 ± 267,25 CFU/mL pada tutupan mangrove 50%, sedangkan populasi Lactobacillus sp. meningkat dari 243,50 ± 46,44 CFU/mL menjadi 841,00 ± 156,62 CFU/mL. Analisis Two-Way ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa tingkat tutupan mangrove, waktu pengamatan, dan interaksi keduanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap populasi Vibrio sp. dan Lactobacillus sp. (p < 0,01). Kondisi hepatopankreas udang pada tambak tanpa mangrove menunjukkan skor histopatologi lebih tinggi (2,33 ± 0,00) dibandingkan tambak dengan tutupan mangrove 30% dan 50% (0,67 ± 0,00), yang menunjukkan tingkat kerusakan jaringan lebih rendah. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tutupan mangrove berkorelasi positif dengan populasi Lactobacillus sp. dan berkorelasi negatif dengan populasi Vibrio sp. serta skor histopatologi.
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Mangrove ecosystems play a crucial role in maintaining the environmental sustainability of shrimp aquaculture by improving water quality and regulating microbial communities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different mangrove cover levels on vegetation structure, water quality, the populations of Vibrio sp. and Lactobacillus sp., hepatopancreatic histopathology of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), and the relationships among these variables in a silvofishery system in Labuhan Maringgai District, East Lampung Regency, Indonesia. The study was conducted in three traditional shrimp ponds with mangrove cover levels of 0%, 30%, and 50% over a four-week observation period. Vegetation structure was assessed using the transect plot method, while mangrove canopy cover was evaluated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Bacterial populations were quantified using culture-based methods on selective media, water quality parameters were measured in situ, hepatopancreatic histopathology was examined using Hematoxylin–Eosin staining, and relationships among variables were analyzed using Spearman's correlation and visualized through Cytoscape. The results demonstrated that increasing mangrove cover was associated with higher vegetation density and NDVI classes, accompanied by improved environmental quality. Dissolved oxygen increased from 4.48 ± 0.38 mg L⁻¹ in ponds without mangroves to 4.86 ± 0.23 mg L⁻¹ in ponds with 50% mangrove cover. The mean population of Vibrio sp. decreased markedly from 7,508.25 ± 3,125.92 CFU mL⁻¹ to 2,608.50 ± 267.25 CFU mL⁻¹, whereas Lactobacillus sp. increased from 243.50 ± 46.44 CFU mL⁻¹ to 841.00 ± 156.62 CFU mL⁻¹. Two-way ANOVA revealed that mangrove cover, observation time, and their interaction significantly affected both Vibrio sp. and Lactobacillus sp. populations (p < 0.01). Histopathological assessment showed lower hepatopancreatic lesion scores in ponds with mangrove cover (0.67 ± 0.00) compared with ponds without mangroves (2.33 ± 0.00). Correlation network analysis further indicated that mangrove cover was positively associated with Lactobacillus sp. and negatively associated with Vibrio sp. populations and histopathological scores.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Silvofishery, bakteri probiotik, Vibrio sp., Lactobacillus sp., udang vaname. Silvofishery, probiotic bacteria, Vibrio sp., Lactobacillus sp., Pacific White shrimp.
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Brilian Amanat Taqwa
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2026 02:09
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2026 02:09
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143887

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