Perkasa, Ananthaboga Sawung Aka (2026) Analisis Numerik Pengaruh Panjang Dan Kekakuan Towline Terhadap Respons Seakeeping Pada Sistem Transportasi Tug-Barge Di Gelombang Irregular. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sistem transportasi tug–barge banyak digunakan dalam pengangkutan muatan laut karena fleksibilitas dan biaya operasional yang relatif rendah. Namun, interaksi dinamis antara kapal tug, barge, dan towline pada kondisi gelombang irregular dapat memengaruhi karakteristik seakeeping serta gaya tarik yang bekerja pada towline. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara numerik pengaruh panjang towline yang sekaligus merepresentasikan variasi kekakuan tali karena hubungan Kt = EA/L terhadap respons seakeeping sistem tug–barge pada kondisi gelombang irregular. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak ANSYS AQWA dengan pendekatan time domain, dan kondisi gelombang dimodelkan menggunakan spektrum Pierson Moskowitz. Variasi panjang towline yang ditinjau adalah 10 m, 20 m, dan 30 m, dikombinasikan dengan variasi kecepatan operasi 3 knot, 6 knot, dan 8 knot sehingga diperoleh sembilan skenario simulasi. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi response acceleration, response velocity, response displacement, serta cable tension response, baik dalam domain waktu maupun melalui analisis Power Spectral Density (PSD). Sebelum analisis dilakukan, model numerik diverifikasi melalui Grid Independence Study dan divalidasi secara kuantitatif; model mencapai kondisi konvergen pada mesh 30.296 sel dengan galat akhir sebesar 0,16% untuk heave, 1,77% untuk roll, dan 1,09% untuk pitch. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gerakan roll merupakan respons yang paling dominan pada kapal tug, sedangkan kapal barge menunjukkan respons yang lebih kecil dan dipengaruhi kondisi transien sebelum mencapai keadaan relatif stabil. Peningkatan kecepatan operasi dari 3 knot menjadi 8 knot cenderung memperbesar respons dinamis serta fluktuasi tegangan pada towline. Konfigurasi towline 30 m, yang memiliki kekakuan paling rendah, menghasilkan tegangan tali paling rendah dan paling stabil terhadap perubahan kecepatan sehingga dinilai paling efektif dan efisien untuk operasi. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi dalam evaluasi respons seakeeping serta perancangan sistem towing yang lebih aman dan andal.
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Tug–barge transportation systems are widely used for marine cargo transport due to their flexibility and relatively low operational cost. However, the dynamic interaction among the tug, barge, and towline under irregular wave conditions may significantly affect the seakeeping characteristics as well as the tension acting on the towline. This study aims to numerically analyze the effect of towline length — which also represents the variation of towline stiffness through the relation Kt = EA/L — on the seakeeping response of a tug–barge system under irregular waves. The simulations were carried out using ANSYS AQWA with a time-domain approach, and the wave condition was modeled using the Pierson–Moskowitz spectrum. The towline lengths considered were 10 m, 20 m, and 30 m, combined with operating speeds of 3, 6, and 8 knots, resulting in nine simulation scenarios. The analyzed parameters include response acceleration, response velocity, response displacement, and cable tension response, both in the time domain and through Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis. Prior to the analysis, the numerical model was verified through a Grid Independence Study and validated quantitatively; the model reached convergence at a mesh of 30,296 cells with final errors of 0.16% for heave, 1.77% for roll, and 1.09% for pitch. The results show that roll motion is the most dominant response on the tug, whereas the barge exhibits a smaller response influenced by transient conditions before reaching a relatively steady state. Increasing the operating speed from 3 to 8 knots tends to amplify the dynamic response and the towline tension fluctuation. The 30 m towline configuration, which has the lowest stiffness, produces the lowest and most stable towline tension against speed variation, and is therefore considered the most effective and efficient for operation. This study is expected to serve as a reference for evaluating seakeeping responses and designing safer and more reliable towing systems.
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