Hakim, Mohammad Aufie (2026) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Co-firing Biomassa dengan Batubara Nilai Kalori Rendah terhadap Distribusi Temperatur, Medan Kecepatan, serta Potensi Terjadinya Slagging dan Fouling. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Konsumsi energi nasional yang terus meningkat menyebabkan peningkatan emisi gas buang. Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) berbahan bakar batubara masih menjadi tulang punggung dalam penyediaan energi listrik di Indonesia. Seiring berjalannya waktu, cadangan batubara di Indonesia terus menurun. Cadangan batubara nasional didominasi oleh batubara berkalori rendah. Penggunaan batubara berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca yang berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan.Untuk mendukung target Net Zero Emission (NZE), diperlukan strategi transisi energi, salah satunya melalui penerapan Co-firing biomassa pada PLTU. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh persentase co-firing campuran biomassa yang terdiri atas 50% rice husk dan 50% wood chip dengan batubara berkalori rendah terhadap distribusi temperatur, karakteristik aliran flue gas, komposisi gas buang, serta potensi terjadinya slagging dan fouling. Variasi penelitian yang digunakan secara berturut-turut meliputi 100% batubara NK 3804, serta campuran biomassa sebesar 5%, 7%, dan 10% terhadap massa total bahan bakar. Variasi tersebut digunakan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh persentase co-firing terhadap karakteristik pembakaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) menggunakan perangkat lunak ANSYS Fluent berdasarkan kondisi eksisting tangential pulverized boiler berkapasitas 300 MW. Peningkatan rasio co-firing menurunkan temperatur FEGT dari 1006 derajat Celcius hingga menjadi 1002 derajat Celcius. Dari aspek aerodinamika, kecepatan rata-rata aliran meningkat di FEGT, namun terjadi penurunan kecepatan rata-rata di outlet. Pembentukan emisi CO2 di FEGT menurun dari 0,2128 hingga menjadi 0,2121. Sebaliknya, pembentukan fraksi massa CO di FEGT meningkat. Terkait risiko deposit, peningkatan rasio co-firing menaikkan potensi slagging dan fouling akibat perubahan rasio basa-asam serta kandungan alkali, dimana simulasi menunjukkan adanya Low Temperature Fouling di semua heating part.
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Continuously increasing national energy consumption leads to an increase in flue gas emissions. Coal-fired power plants remain the backbone of electricity supply in Indonesia. Over time, Indonesia's coal reserves continue to decline, with national reserves being dominated by low-calorific value coal. The use of coal contributes to rising greenhouse gas emissions that negatively impact the environment. To support the Net Zero Emission (NZE) target, energy transition strategies are required, one of which is the implementation of biomass co-firing in coal-fired power plants. This study aims to analyze the effect of co-firing percentages of a biomass mixture consisting of 50% rice husk and 50% wood chips with low-calorific coal on temperature distribution, flue gas flow characteristics, exhaust gas composition, and the potential for slagging and fouling. The research variations used sequentially include 100% NK 3804 coal, as well as biomass blend ratios of 5%, 7%, and 10% relative to the total fuel mass, to evaluate the influence of co-firing percentages on combustion characteristics. The method used is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using ANSYS Fluent software based on the existing conditions of a 300 MW tangentially fired pulverized boiler. Increasing the co-firing ratio reduces the Furnace Exit Gas Temperature (FEGT) from 1,006 °C to 1,002 °C. From an aerodynamic perspective, the average flow velocity increases at the FEGT, but a decrease in average velocity occurs at the outlet. CO2 emission formation at the FEGT decreases from 0.2128 to 0.2121. Conversely, the formation of the CO mass fraction at the FEGT increases. Regarding deposition risks, increasing the co-firing ratio heightens the potential for slagging and fouling due to changes in the base-to-acid ratio and alkali content, where simulations indicate the presence of Low-Temperature Fouling across all heating parts
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Batubara, Biomassa, Boiler, Co-firing, Emisi, LRC, Serbuk Gergaji, Sekam Padi, Serbuk Kayu, Tangensial==============================================================================================================Biomass, Boiler, Coal, Co-firing, Emission, LRC, Ricehusk, Tangential, Woodchip |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263.5 Boilers (general) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mohammad Aufie Hakim |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2026 03:13 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2026 03:13 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/143989 |
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