Perancangan Sistem Penentuan Kuota Energi Harian Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) Off-Grid Menggunakan Metode Logika Fuzzy

Purna, Wahyu Andika (2026) Perancangan Sistem Penentuan Kuota Energi Harian Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) Off-Grid Menggunakan Metode Logika Fuzzy. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) Off-Grid berkapasitas 8 kW di Kampung Ciputri menyediakan pasokan listrik malam hari untuk 15 rumah. Dengan bank baterai berkapasitas nominal 57,6 kWh, pengaman setiap rumah menggunakan MCB 1 A, estimasi konservatif energi AC yang dapat digunakan sebesar 27,03 kWh atau setara dengan sekitar 8,2 jam pelayanan apabila seluruh rumah menggunakan daya 220 W secara bersamaan. Namun, MCB hanya mampu membatasi arus sesaat sehingga konsumsi energi setiap rumah selama periode penggunaan tidak dapat dikendalikan. Berdasarkan catatan operasional, terjadi lima kejadian terhentinya suplai listrik akibat ketidakseimbangan antara energi yang tersimpan dan konsumsi pengguna. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan energi baterai tidak mampu mempertahankan sistem hingga waktu operasi yang direncanakan sehingga sistem PLTS berhenti beroperasi dan seluruh rumah kehilangan pasokan listrik. Penelitian ini merancang sistem penentuan kuota energi harian adaptif menggunakan logika fuzzy Mamdani dengan tiga parameter masukan, yaitu State of Charge (SoC), PV Generation, dan Total Load. Sistem menggunakan arsitektur master–slave, dengan perangkat master berbasis Python untuk membaca data operasional, menjalankan inferensi fuzzy, menentukan kuota energi harian, dan mengirimkan hasil melalui protokol MQTT. Perangkat slave berupa smart power meter digunakan untuk mengukur tegangan, arus, daya, dan energi terpakai serta memutus relay ketika pemakaian listrik mencapai batas kuota. Pengujian terhadap 12 skenario kondisi operasional menghasilkan kuota total sebesar 1,71–14,10 kWh, dengan tingkat kesesuaian kategori keluaran terhadap rule base sebesar 100%. Validasi terhadap estimasi energi AC tersedia menunjukkan bahwa delapan skenario berada dalam batas konservatif, sedangkan empat skenario menghasilkan kuota di atas energi yang dapat dialokasikan. Pada pengujian integrasi, kuota total 6 kWh dibagi kepada 15 rumah sehingga setiap rumah menerima 400 Wh. Perangkat slave berhasil memutus suplai ketika energi terpakai mencapai 400 Wh yang menandakan bahwa batas kuota telah tercapai dan mekanisme pemutusan suplai berhasil dijalankan. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem mampu menentukan, mendistribusikan, dan menerapkan pembatasan kuota energi.
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An 8 kW Off-Grid Solar Power Plant (PLTS) in Kampung Ciputri provides nighttime electricity for 15 homes. With a nominal battery bank capacity of 57.6 kWh, each home uses a 1 A MCB to protect it, a conservative estimate of usable AC energy is 27.03 kWh or equivalent to approximately 8.2 hours of service if all homes use 220 W of power simultaneously. However, the MCB is only able to limit the current momentarily so that the energy consumption of each home during the usage period cannot be controlled. Based on operational records, there were five incidents of power outages due to an imbalance between stored energy and user consumption. This condition caused the battery energy to be unable to maintain the system until the planned operating time so that the PLTS system stopped operating and all homes lost electricity supply. This study designed an adaptive daily energy quota determination system using Mamdani fuzzy logic with three input parameters, namely State of Charge (SoC), PV Generation, and Total Load. The system uses a master–slave architecture, with a Python-based master device reading operational data, performing fuzzy inference, determining daily energy quotas, and sending results via the MQTT protocol. A slave device, a smart power meter, is used to measure voltage, current, power, and energy consumption, and disconnects the relay when electricity consumption reaches the quota limit. Testing 12 operational scenarios yielded a total quota of 1.71–14.10 kWh, with a 100% match between the output categories and the rule base. Validation of available AC energy estimates showed that eight scenarios were within conservative limits, while four scenarios exceeded the allocable energy quota. In the integration test, a total quota of 6 kWh was divided among 15 homes, each receiving 400 Wh. The slave device successfully disconnected the power supply when energy consumption reached 400 Wh, indicating that the quota limit had been reached and the supply disconnection mechanism was successfully implemented. Therefore, it can be concluded that the system can determine, distribute, and implement energy quota restrictions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Logika Fuzzy, Manajemen Energi, PLTS Off-Grid, Smart Power Meter, State of Charge. Energy Management, Fuzzy Logic, Off-Grid Solar Power System, Smart Power Meter, State of Charge.
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA9.64 Fuzzy logic T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.62 Decision support systems T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 36304-Automation Electronic Engineering
Depositing User:	Wahyu Andika Purna
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2026 05:16
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2026 05:16
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144142

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