Analisis Faktor Safety Performance Dan Rancangan Implementasi Perbaikannya Pada Perusahaan Jasa Konstruksi Skala Kecil Dan Menengah

Arsalan, Muhammad Raihan (2026) Analisis Faktor Safety Performance Dan Rancangan Implementasi Perbaikannya Pada Perusahaan Jasa Konstruksi Skala Kecil Dan Menengah. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Perusahaan jasa konstruksi berskala kecil dan menengah mencakup 73 persen perusahaan konstruksi di Indonesia dan memikul kewajiban penerapan sistem manajemen keselamatan yang sama dengan perusahaan besar berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 50 Tahun 2012, sementara kemampuannya jauh berbeda. Faktor pembentuk safety performance yang selama ini dilaporkan diturunkan dari industri konstruksi besar, pertambangan, serta minyak dan gas yang memiliki organisasi K3 tersendiri, sehingga keberlakuannya pada usaha berskala kecil perlu diuji. Perusahaan yang diamati mencatat 87 korban kecelakaan sepanjang 2018 sampai 2025 dengan kerugian Rp283.500.000,00, dan angkanya justru naik dari rata-rata 7 menjadi 14,8 korban per tahun pada empat tahun terakhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan faktor pembentuk safety performance, menyusun program perbaikan berdasarkan faktor utamanya, lalu mengukur efektivitasnya melalui desain kuasi-eksperimen satu kelompok pada 90 pekerja. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner skala Likert lima titik berisi 21 butir faktor keselamatan dan enam butir safety performance, lalu dianalisis dengan exploratory factor analysis dan uji Wilcoxon signed-rank. Analisis menghasilkan enam komponen yang menjelaskan 68,94 persen keragaman data dengan nilai Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin 0,773. Temuan utamanya, komitmen manajemen proyek dan keterlibatan pekerja melebur menjadi satu komponen, menunjukkan bahwa pekerja pada perusahaan kecil tidak membedakan komitmen pimpinan dari keikutsertaan mereka sendiri. Komponen itu sekaligus menjadi faktor utama dengan sumbangan 13,60 persen. Delapan kegiatan perbaikan berbiaya rendah dijalankan selama empat belas minggu dengan keterlaksanaan 88,7 persen. Skor safety performance naik dari 3,024 menjadi 3,572 atau 18,12 persen, dengan signifikansi di bawah 0,001 dan matched rank biserial correlation 0,995. Kepatuhan penggunaan alat pelindung diri naik dari 69,2 menjadi 94,5 persen dan kecelakaan turun dari empat menjadi nol per bulan. Perbaikan safety performance pada perusahaan berskala kecil dapat dicapai tanpa penanaman modal besar, sepanjang penguatan komitmen manajemen dirancang menyatu dengan cara melibatkan pekerja. Perpindahan kategori tersebut menjadi petunjuk awal keberhasilan program sebelum diuji secara statistik.
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Small and medium-scale construction firms make up 73 percent of construction companies in Indonesia and bear the same statutory duty to implement a safety management system as large contractors under Government Regulation Number 50 of 2012, while their organisational capacity differs markedly. The safety performance factors reported to date were derived from large-scale construction, mining, and oil and gas settings that maintain dedicated safety units, so their applicability to small-scale firms requires testing. The observed company recorded 87 accident victims between 2018 and 2025 at a cost of IDR 283,500,000, with figures rising from an average of 7 to 14.8 victims per year in the last four years. This study aims to identify the factors shaping safety performance, design an improvement programme based on the dominant factor, and measure its effectiveness. A one-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design was applied to 90 workers. Data were collected through a five-point Likert questionnaire of 21 safety management items and six safety performance items, then analysed using exploratory factor analysis and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The analysis yielded six components explaining 68.94 percent of the variance, with a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of 0.773. The principal finding is that project management commitment and worker involvement merged into a single component, indicating that workers in small firms do not distinguish leadership commitment from their own participation. This component emerged as the dominant factor, contributing 13.60 percent of the variance with an initial score of 2.93. Eight low-cost improvement activities were implemented over fourteen weeks with an 88.7 percent completion rate. The safety performance score rose from 3.024 to 3.572, or by 18.12 percent, with a significance below 0.001 and a matched rank biserial correlation of 0.995. Protective equipment compliance rose from 69.2 to 94.5 percent and accidents fell from four to zero per month. Improving safety performance in such firms is attainable without large capital investment, provided that management commitment programmes are designed as one with worker involvement mechanisms.

Keywords: safety performance, factor analysis, construction occupational health and safety, small and medium-scale enterprise, quasi-experiment

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	safety performance, analisis faktor, keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja konstruksi, perusahaan skala kecil dan menengah, kuasieksperimen, safety performance, factor analysis, construction occupational health and safety, small and medium-scale enterprise, quasi-experiment
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > Q Science (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Raihan Arsalan
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2026 06:04
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2026 06:04
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144166

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