Perencanaan Pemilihan Dan Strategi Alternatif Bahan Baku Energi Biodiesel Sebagai Pengganti Bahan Bakar Minyak Dengan Pendekatan AHP - BCR

Marta, Hakun Wira Wasista Apara (2007) Perencanaan Pemilihan Dan Strategi Alternatif Bahan Baku Energi Biodiesel Sebagai Pengganti Bahan Bakar Minyak Dengan Pendekatan AHP - BCR. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Adanya peningkatan kebutuhan BBM dalam negeri tidak diikuti oleh peningkatan produksi BBM dalam negeri, sehingga pemerintah mengimpor sebagian kekurangan konsumsi BBM. Besarnya ketergantungan Indonesia pada BBM impor semakin memberatkan pemerintah karena besarnya subsidi yang harus diberikan sebagai akibat adanya kenaikan harga minyak dunia. Hal ini membuat perlu dikembangkan Bahan Bakar Nabati (Biofuel), terutama biodiesel yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini akan dikaji pemilihan alternatif bahan baku pembuat biodiesel dengan multikriteria menggunakan metode AHP dan analisis benefit cost ratio, serta menentukan strategi yang digunakan untuk pengembangan bahan baku terpilih dengan metode TOWS. Alternatif bahan baku yang dipilih ada tiga, yakni jarak pagar, kelapa sawit, dan kelapa. Kriteria yang digunakan untuk struktur hierarki benefit adalah ekonomi, sosial, ketersediaan bahan baku, dan lingkungan. Sedangkan untuk struktur hierarki cost adalah harga bahan baku, opportunity cost, processing cost, environmental cost, dan social cost. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jarak pagar merupakan bahan baku yang tepat untuk dikembangkan menjadi biodiesel dibandingkan dengan kelapa sawit dan kelapa. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari hasil benefit cost ratio yang lebih besar dari alternatif bahan baku lainnya, yakni 1,104. Dari metode TOWS diperoleh sembilan strategi, dan bila dihitung bobot dan rating masing-masing atribut pada strength, weakness, opportunity, dan threat, didapatkan strategi yang terletak pada kuadran I, yakni strategi progresif. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa jarak pagar layak diimplementasikan terlebih dahulu untuk pengembangan biodiesel dengan strategi yang ekspansif dan memperbesar pertumbuhan bahan baku (progresif-agresif).
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The significantly growing need for fuel in the domestic market is not accompanied by an increase in domestic fuel production. This condition encourages the government to import fuel to fulfill the demand. The great dependence on imported fuel generates a huge burden for the government because of the large subsidies provided as a result of increased world oil prices. Given this situation, it is necessary to develop biofuel, particularly biodiesel, which can be produced extensively in Indonesia. Biodiesel development is still confronted with the absence of appropriate alternative raw materials associated with limited funds. The objective of this research is to investigate the selection of alternative raw materials for producing biodiesel using multicriteria analysis with the AHP method and benefit-cost ratio analysis. The research also aims to define a strategy for developing the selected raw materials using the TOWS method. There are three alternative raw materials selected in this study: castor oil plant (Jarak Pagar), oil palm, and coconut. The criteria applied to the benefit hierarchy structure include economic and social criteria, raw material availability, and environmental factors. Furthermore, the criteria applied to the cost hierarchy structure include raw material price, opportunity cost, processing cost, environmental cost, and social cost. The AHP method was verified using experts with adequate and comprehensive knowledge and understanding of biodiesel, including representatives from BPPT as a government representative, the Indonesian Biodiesel Forum as a practitioner representative, and lecturers from IPB as academic representatives, with each group represented by one expert. The results show that Jarak Pagar (castor oil plant) represents the appropriate raw material to be developed as biodiesel compared with oil palm and coconut. This is indicated by the results of the benefit-cost ratio analysis, in which its ratio is greater than those of the other alternative raw materials, namely 1.104. The TOWS method resulted in nine strategies. When their attributes were weighted and rated based on strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat, the results showed that the strategy lies in Quadrant I, namely a progressive strategy. Therefore, Jarak Pagar is feasible to be developed and used as the initial raw material for biodiesel production using an expansive strategy and by increasing raw material production (progressive-aggressive method).

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	AHP, Biodiesel, Benefit Cost Ratio, Analisis TOWS, AHP, Biodiesel, Benefit-Cost Ratio, TOWS Analysis
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359.B46 Biodiesel fuels.
Divisions:	Faculty of Business and Management Technology > Management Technology > 61101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	magang .
Date Deposited:	16 Sep 2026 03:34
Last Modified:	16 Sep 2026 03:34
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144534

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