Strategi Penyediaan Air Bersih Perdesaan Rawan Air Bersih di Kabupaten Tulungagung

Abadi, Farid (2009) Strategi Penyediaan Air Bersih Perdesaan Rawan Air Bersih di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.

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Abstract

Pemenuhan kebutuhan air bersih telah menjadi persoalan selama bertahun-tahun di beberapa wilayah perdesaan di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kondisi geografis yang berbukit dan bergunung-gunung, pola penyebaran permukiman yang berada di punggung bukit sehingga jarak sumber air cukup jauh, serta terbatasnya biaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menyusun dan menetapkan strategi penyediaan air bersih perdesaan rawan air bersih di Kabupaten Tulungagung ditinjau dari aspek teknis, sosial ekonomi, dan kelembagaan. Jumlah penduduk di lokasi studi tahun 2008 adalah 46.352 jiwa.

Pengambilan dan pengumpulan data selain dari data sekunder juga dilakukan dengan survei lapangan, wawancara, dan penyebaran kuesioner kepada 347 responden. Dari analisis kondisi wilayah, ditetapkan upaya teknis penyediaan air bersih yang dapat diaplikasikan di tiap-tiap desa dengan memperhatikan prinsip kualitas, kuantitas, dan kontinuitas. Pada aspek sosial ekonomi dilakukan analisis Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB), analisis Ability to Pay (ATP) terhadap air bersih setiap m³, serta analisis Willingness to Pay (WTP) terhadap biaya penyambungan tiap Sambungan Rumah (SR) dan retribusi tiap m³. Dari analisis RAB dan WTP disusun skema pembiayaan antara pemerintah dan masyarakat. Pada aspek kelembagaan dilakukan evaluasi lembaga pemerintah dan masyarakat. Analisis strategi menggunakan metode SWOT dan AHP.

Hasil penelitian dari analisis kondisi wilayah menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan air bersih rata-rata sebesar 81 liter/orang/hari. Sistem penyediaan air bersih yang diaplikasikan adalah sistem perpipaan secara gravitasi yang didukung 3 unit pompa, 180 unit HU, 5 unit broncaptering, dan 9 unit ground reservoir. Total biaya pembangunan infrastruktur sebesar Rp27.163.288.000,00. Rata-rata ATP sebesar Rp4.297/m³. Rata-rata WTP biaya penyambungan sebesar Rp343.462/SR dan rata-rata WTP retribusi sebesar Rp1.358/m³. Skema pembiayaan oleh pemerintah sebesar Rp23.775.765.000,00 (88%) dan oleh masyarakat sebesar Rp3.387.523.000,00 (12%). Kinerja lembaga pemerintah yang ada sudah cukup baik dan HIPPAM sebagai lembaga pengelola di desa sudah cukup memenuhi sebagai lembaga pengelola. Dari analisis strategi menggunakan metode SWOT dan AHP diketahui bahwa strategi utama yang diprioritaskan adalah "Mewujudkan komitmen Pemerintah Kabupaten dengan mendayagunakan dinas terkait yang berwenang dalam menangani air bersih perdesaan, untuk memenuhi keinginan masyarakat akan air bersih dan mengembangkan potensi desa."
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Provision of adequate water supply in rural areas in Tulungagung has been a persistent problem for years. Scattered settlements in hilly areas complicate the problem due to high investment costs, especially in areas that are quite far from reliable raw water resources. The aim of this study is to develop a strategy for water supply provision in water-scarce villages in Tulungagung Regency. Several aspects considered in the study include technical, socio-economic, and institutional aspects. The population in the study area was 46,352 in 2008.

Data collection, apart from secondary data, was also conducted through field surveys, discussions, and questionnaires administered to 347 respondents. Based on the topographical conditions, the provision of water supply was determined from the technical aspect for each relevant village. This was intended to meet the requirements of quantity, quality, and continuity of supply. From the socio-economic aspect, investment costs, Ability to Pay (ATP), and Willingness to Pay (WTP) were calculated and analyzed. ATP was determined based on the cost per 1 m³ of water, while WTP was calculated based on the cost of each house connection and the retribution fee for each 1 m³ of water. The financial contributions from the government and the community were also analyzed. Based on the institutional aspect, the existing public institutions were evaluated. Strategy analysis was conducted using SWOT and AHP.

The results of the topographical condition analysis indicate that the average water supply demand is 81 liters/capita/day. The water supply system is a gravity-fed piping system supported by 3 pumps, 180 public taps, 5 spring intakes, and 9 ground reservoirs. The total infrastructure cost is IDR 27,163,288,000.00. The average ATP is IDR 4,297/m³, the average WTP for house connection costs is IDR 343,462/house connection, and the average WTP for retribution is IDR 1,358/m³. The funding scheme consists of IDR 23,775,765,000.00 (88%) from the government and IDR 3,387,523,000.00 (12%) from the community. The performance of the existing government institutions has been relatively good, and HIPPAM, as the management institution in the villages, has adequately fulfilled its role as a management institution. Based on the strategy analysis using SWOT and AHP, the prioritized strategy is to "Realize the commitment of the Regency Government by utilizing the relevant agencies responsible for rural water supply management to fulfill the community's demand for water and develop village potential."

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Additional Information:	RTL 628.72 Aba s
Uncontrolled Keywords:	rawan air bersih, AHP, ATP, strategi, SWOT, WTP, scarce water, AHP, ATP, strategy, SWOT, WTP
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD1698.A1 Water-supply, Rural--Asia.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Theses
Depositing User:	magang .
Date Deposited:	21 Sep 2026 03:15
Last Modified:	21 Sep 2026 03:15
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/144720

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