Rosidin, Mohammad Faiz and Hakim, Lukmanul (2022) Pra Desain Pabrik Fraksinasi Lignoselulosa dari Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Dengan Metode Steam Explosion. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia memiliki kekayaan alam yang berlimpah, salah satunya yaitu sektor kehutanan. Salah satu kekayaan hutan di Indonesia yaitu kayu sengon. Kayu sengon digunakan sebagai bahan perumahan, selain itu dapat juga digunakan untuk pembuatan peti, pulp, papan partikel, dan korek api. Penggunaan kayu sengon di Indonesia yang tinggi mengakibatkan limbah kayu juga meningkat. Limbah kayu sengon di Indonesia biasanya hanya dibakar atau dibiarkan terurai di tanah. Padahal, kayu sengon memiliki kandungan selulosa yang tinggi dan selulosa digunakan di berbagai industri, antara lain dalam pembuatan kertas, industri tekstil, packaging, dan produk turunannya, seperti glukosa, selulosa asetat, alkohol, dan lainnya. Proses produksi selulosa ini terdiri dari empat unit proses yang digolongkan berdasarkan fungsi utama dari keseluruhan proses. Unit pertama adalah proses persiapan bahan baku untuk mereduksi ukuran bahan baku, meningkatkan kadar selulosa, serta menjaga kualitas selulosa ketika masuk dalam proses steam explosion. Unit kedua adalah proses pre-treatment lignoselulosa dengan metode steam explosion. Kemudian, unit ketiga adalah proses pemisahan selulosa, lignin, dan hemiselulosa dengan metode delignifikasi. Unit keempat adalah proses pemurnian selulosa. Pabrik selulosa ini direncanakan akan didirikan di kawasan industri Surabaya Estate Rungkut, Kota Surabaya, Jawa Timur. Investasi pembangunan pabrik dibagi menjadi modal sendiri dengan laju inflasi 1,66% per tahun sebesar Rp218.688.372.240,00 dan modal pinjaman dengan suku bunga 8,20% per tahun sebesar Rp159.397.329.875,00. Total biaya produksi selulosa sebesar Rp532.689.080.000,00 per tahun. Rentabilitas pabrik ini yaitu Net Present Value sebesar Rp175.165.146.774,00, lalu Internal Rate of Return dari pabrik ini adalah 26,75% dengan Pay-Out Time sebesar 4,19 tahun dan Break-Even Point sebesar 49,89%. Pabrik direncanakan beroperasi secara kontinu selama 24 jam selama 312 hari per tahun operasi dengan rencana kapasitas produksi sebesar 64,8 ton/hari dengan jumlah foreman proses dan produksi sebanyak 35 orang/hari. Ditinjau dari aspek teknis dan ekonomi, pabrik selulosa ini layak untuk didirikan.
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Indonesia has abundant natural resources, one of which is the forestry sector. One of the valuable forest resources in Indonesia is sengon wood. Sengon wood is used as a housing material and can also be used for making crates, pulp, particleboard, and matches. The high utilization of sengon wood in Indonesia has resulted in an increase in wood waste. Sengon wood waste in Indonesia is usually burned or left to decompose on the ground. In fact, sengon wood has a high cellulose content, and cellulose is used in various industries, including paper manufacturing, the textile industry, packaging, and its derivative products, such as glucose, cellulose acetate, alcohol, and others. The cellulose production process consists of four process units, which are classified based on the main functions of the overall process. The first unit is the raw material preparation process, which aims to reduce the size of the raw material, increase the cellulose content, and maintain the quality of the cellulose before entering the steam explosion process. The second unit is the lignocellulosic pre-treatment process using the steam explosion method. The third unit is the process of separating cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose using the delignification method. The fourth unit is the cellulose purification process. This cellulose plant is planned to be established in the Surabaya Estate Rungkut industrial area, Surabaya City, East Java. The investment for plant construction consists of equity capital with an inflation rate of 1.66% per year amounting to Rp218,688,372,240.00 and loan capital with an interest rate of 8.20% per year amounting to Rp159,397,329,875.00. The total production cost of cellulose is Rp532,689,080,000.00 per year. The profitability analysis of this plant shows a Net Present Value of Rp175,165,146,774.00. The Internal Rate of Return of this plant is 26.75%, with a Pay-Out Time of 4.19 years and a Break-Even Point of 49.89%. The plant will operate continuously for 24 hours per day and 312 days per year, with a planned production capacity of 64.8 tons/day and a total of 35 process and production foremen per day. Based on the technical and economic aspects, this cellulose plant is feasible to be established.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 662.88 Ros p-1 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kayu Sengon, Selulosa, Deliginifikasi, Hidrolisa, Kristalinitas , Sengon Wood, Cellulose, Deliginification, Hydrolysis, Crystallinity |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | magang . |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Oct 2026 03:28 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Oct 2026 03:28 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/145174 |
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