Studi Pengoperasian KA Komuter Rute Surabaya- Porong Dari Segi Biaya Operasional, Tarif Dan Finansial

Solianto, Isma (2007) Studi Pengoperasian KA Komuter Rute Surabaya- Porong Dari Segi Biaya Operasional, Tarif Dan Finansial. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pengoperasian kereta api komuter bersifat public service (pelayanan publik), sehingga tarif yang diberlakukan relatif murah, yaitu Rp2.000,00 per penumpang-lintas (pnp-lintas). Namun, menurut pengelola atau operator, yaitu PT Kereta Api (Persero) DAOP VIII Surabaya, tarif tersebut lebih rendah daripada biaya operasional yang diperlukan. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini meliputi besarnya biaya operasional atau biaya pokok, kondisi load factor (LF) yang ada, hubungan antara biaya operasional atau biaya pokok dengan LF dan tarif yang berlaku, analisis finansial berupa cash flow, karakteristik penumpang, serta ability to pay (ATP) dan willingness to pay (WTP) penumpang kereta api komuter. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan observasi dan survei wawancara terhadap penumpang kereta api komuter. Selain itu, dilakukan studi dokumentasi terhadap laporan milik pengelola atau operator kereta api komuter dan instansi terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total biaya operasional atau biaya pokok sebesar Rp54,68 per penumpang-kilometer (pnp-km) atau Rp1.350.206,00 per lintas, dengan LF rata-rata sebesar 42%. Tarif yang sesuai dengan biaya operasional atau biaya pokok berdasarkan LF yang ada adalah Rp4.516,00 per penumpang-lintas. Secara finansial, pengoperasian kereta api komuter dinilai tidak layak karena arus kas bersih (net cash flow) selalu negatif, sehingga diperlukan subsidi. Karakteristik penumpang kereta api komuter yang dominan meliputi kelompok usia 17–26 tahun (39,02%) untuk arah Sidoarjo/Porong dan kelompok usia 37–46 tahun (31,82%) untuk arah Surabaya; berpendidikan SMA atau sederajat (52,03% untuk arah Sidoarjo/Porong dan 49,09% untuk arah Surabaya); bekerja sebagai karyawan swasta (31,71% untuk arah Sidoarjo/Porong dan 42,73% untuk arah Surabaya); serta berpenghasilan Rp500.001,00–Rp1.000.000,00 per bulan (45,53% untuk arah Sidoarjo/Porong dan 46,36% untuk arah Surabaya). Berdasarkan metode distributif terhadap seluruh kelompok responden, diperoleh nilai ATP sebesar Rp2.578,75 per penumpang-lintas dan nilai WTP sebesar Rp1.733,40 per penumpang-lintas.
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The operation of commuter trains is considered a public service; therefore, the fare is relatively low, at Rp2,000 per passenger trip. However, according to the operator, PT Kereta Api (Persero) DAOP VIII Surabaya, this fare is lower than the required operating cost. This study examines the operating cost or basic cost, the existing load factor (LF), the relationship between operating costs, the existing LF and the prevailing fare, financial feasibility through cash flow analysis, passenger characteristics, and the ability to pay (ATP) and willingness to pay (WTP) of commuter train passengers. To address these issues, observations and interview surveys were conducted with commuter train passengers. In addition, a documentary study was carried out using reports from the commuter train operator and relevant institutions. The results indicate that the total operating cost or basic cost is Rp54.68 per passenger-kilometer or Rp1,350,206 per trip, with an average LF of 42%. The fare required to cover operating costs, taking the existing LF into account, is Rp4,516 per passenger trip. From a financial perspective, commuter train operations are considered unfeasible because the net cash flow is consistently negative, indicating the need for subsidies. The dominant passenger characteristics are as follows: passengers aged 17–26 account for 39.02% of those travelling toward Sidoarjo/Porong, while passengers aged 37–46 account for 31.82% of those travelling toward Surabaya. Most passengers have a senior high school education or equivalent (52.03% toward Sidoarjo/Porong and 49.09% toward Surabaya), work as private-sector employees (31.71% toward Sidoarjo/Porong and 42.73% toward Surabaya), and earn between Rp500,001 and Rp1,000,000 per month (45.53% toward Sidoarjo/Porong and 46.36% toward Surabaya). Using the distributional method across all respondent groups, the ATP value was found to be Rp2,578.75 per passenger trip, while the WTP value was Rp1,733.40 per passenger trip.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Additional Information:	RSS 388.042 Sof s 2007
Uncontrolled Keywords:	KA Komuter, biaya operasional, load factor, tarif, cash flow, karakteristik penumpang, abilityto pay , willingnessto pay, Commuter train, operational cost, load factor, tariff,cash flow, passenger characteristic,ability to pay, willingness to pay
Subjects:	T Technology > TF Railroad engineering and operation > TF4 Railroads--Automation.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Civil Engineering > 22201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	magang .
Date Deposited:	28 Oct 2026 02:36
Last Modified:	28 Oct 2026 02:36
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/145931

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