Perancanaan Ulang Basement Proyek HI-Tech Centre Surabaya Dengan Dinding Penahan Tanah Model Modified Diaphragm Wall Dan Pondasi Utama Bell-Shaped Bored Pile

Adinegara, Ramadhani (2007) Perancanaan Ulang Basement Proyek HI-Tech Centre Surabaya Dengan Dinding Penahan Tanah Model Modified Diaphragm Wall Dan Pondasi Utama Bell-Shaped Bored Pile. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sampai saat ini, basement masih menjadi bagian penting dari suatu bangunan, khususnya gedung komersial, baik sebagai area parkir maupun ruang penyimpanan. Meskipun bukan merupakan hal baru, pembangunan basement memerlukan pertimbangan khusus, baik dalam tahap perencanaan maupun pelaksanaannya. Pada perencanaan basement Gedung HTC, perancang menghadapi berbagai kendala kondisi lapangan (site), sehingga diputuskan untuk menggunakan dinding penahan tanah tipe secant pile dan pondasi utama berupa tiang bor (bored pile). Sistem secant pile memiliki kelemahan, yaitu rentan terhadap kebocoran air tanah. Oleh karena itu, penulis berinisiatif untuk merancang ulang dinding penahan tanah beserta pondasi utamanya. Dinding penahan tanah dirancang menggunakan dinding diafragma yang dimodifikasi (modified diaphragm wall), sedangkan pondasi utama menggunakan bell-shaped bored pile. Kedua elemen tersebut dirancang berdasarkan aspek geoteknik tanpa melibatkan aspek ekonomi. Selain itu, studi ini juga mencakup penyusunan metode pelaksanaan secara umum untuk kedua elemen tersebut. Modified diaphragm wall merupakan inovasi sederhana dari dinding diafragma konvensional, yaitu dengan menempatkan tiang pancang di antara panel-panel dinding diafragma sehingga tiang berada berdampingan dengan panel dinding. Penggunaan tiang pancang bertujuan untuk memperoleh daya dukung yang baik melalui transfer seluruh beban aksial ke lapisan tanah keras menggunakan tiang. Dengan demikian, panel-panel dinding diafragma dapat dibuat lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan dinding diafragma konvensional sehingga volume beton yang digunakan menjadi lebih sedikit. Selain dinding penahan tanah, perencanaan ulang juga dilakukan terhadap pondasi utama menggunakan bell-shaped bored pile. Pembesaran ujung tiang bor hingga 2,5 kali diameter tiang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kapasitas dukung tiang dibandingkan dengan tiang berpenampang lurus (straight shaft), sehingga panjang tiang yang dibutuhkan menjadi lebih pendek. Hasil perencanaan ulang menghasilkan beberapa spesifikasi, yaitu dinding diafragma dengan panel berdimensi 0,5 m × 1,5 m × 15 m dan tiang pancang beton pracetak (precast concrete pile) berbentuk persegi berukuran 50 × 50 cm² yang dipancang hingga kedalaman −23 m dari muka tanah. Sementara itu, bell-shaped bored pile direncanakan hingga kedalaman −19 m dari muka tanah, dengan diameter shaft sebesar 1,5 m dan diameter ujung berbentuk lonceng (bell) sebesar 3,5 m. Ujung bell-shaped bored pile harus ditempatkan pada lapisan lempung kaku (stiff clay), karena pembentukan ujung tiang berbentuk lonceng hanya dapat dilakukan pada tanah berlempung (clayey soil) dan tidak dapat dilakukan pada lapisan pasir, meskipun pasir tersebut memiliki kepadatan yang sangat tinggi.
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Until now, basements have remained an important component of buildings, particularly commercial buildings, where they serve as parking areas or storage spaces. Although basement construction is not a new concept, it requires special considerations during both the design and construction stages. In designing the basement of the HTC Building, the designer encountered various site constraints and therefore selected a secant pile retaining wall system and bored piles for the main foundation. One limitation of the secant pile system is its susceptibility to groundwater leakage. Consequently, this study proposes redesigning both the retaining wall and the main foundation. The retaining wall is redesigned using a modified diaphragm wall, while the main foundation employs bell-shaped bored piles. Both elements are designed from a geotechnical perspective without considering economic aspects. The study also includes general construction methods for these two structural elements. A modified diaphragm wall is a relatively simple innovation of the conventional diaphragm wall system, in which piles are installed between the diaphragm wall panels so that the piles are positioned adjacent to the panels. The piles are incorporated to provide adequate bearing capacity by transferring the axial loads to a competent soil layer through the piles. Consequently, the diaphragm wall panels can be made shorter than those in a conventional diaphragm wall system, reducing the volume of concrete required. In addition to the retaining wall, the main foundation is redesigned using bell-shaped bored piles. Enlarging the base of a bored pile to 2.5 times its shaft diameter is intended to increase its bearing capacity compared with a straight-shaft pile, thereby reducing the required pile length. The redesign produces the following specifications: diaphragm wall panels measuring 0.5 m × 1.5 m × 15 m and 50 × 50 cm² precast concrete square piles driven to a depth of −23 m relative to ground level. Meanwhile, the bell-shaped bored piles extend to a depth of −19 m relative to ground level, with a shaft diameter of 1.5 m and a bell diameter of 3.5 m. The base of each bell-shaped bored pile must be located within a stiff clay layer because bell-shaped bases can only be formed in clayey soils and cannot be constructed in sandy layers, regardless of how dense the sand is.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Additional Information:	RSS 624.15 Adi p 2007
Uncontrolled Keywords:	basement, HTC, modified diaphragm wall, bell shaped bored pile, tiang straight,shaft PC pile, basement, HTC, modified diaphragm wall, bellshaped bored pile, straight shaft, PC pile.
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA775 Foundations.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Civil Engineering > 22201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	magang .
Date Deposited:	28 Oct 2026 08:43
Last Modified:	28 Oct 2026 08:43
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/145986

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