HESTININGRUM, YUNITA (2016) PEMODELAN DAN ANALISIS PENGARUH PERUBAHAN PARAMETER SISTEM SUSPENSI OLEO-PNEUMATIC TERHADAP GAYA REDAM DAN GAYA PEGAS SERTA RESPON DINAMIS PENUMPANG PESAWAT BOEING 747-400 SAAT PROSES LANDING DAN TAKEOFF. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sistem suspensi oleo-pneumatic adalah sistem suspensi
pasif yang biasa digunakan di pesawat terbang yang berfungsi
untuk meredam vibrasi pada bodi pesawat akibat energi impact
saat proses landing dan energi eksitasi yang disebabkan saat
pesawat terbang berjalan melalui permukaan landasan pacu
yang tidak rata dengan kecepatan yang sangat tinggi saat proses
takeoff. Pada sistem suspensi oleo-pneumatic ini terdapat dua
fluida kerja pada silinder hidrolisnya yaitu gas dan minyak.
Parameter-parameter pada sistem suspensi seperti dimensi shock
absorber, tekanan dan volume fluida akan mempengaruhi
karakteristik redaman dari sebuah oleo-pneumatic shock
absorber yang digunakan.
Dalam tugas akhir ini dilakukan pemodelan dan analisis
pengaruh perubahan parameter sistem suspensi oleo-pneumatic
terhadap gaya redam dan gaya pegas serta respon dinamis
penumpang pesawat Boeing 747-400 saat proses landing dan
takeoff. Tekanan awal gas ( pada sistem suspensi oleopneumatic
divariasikan sebesar 1,2 - 2 MPa pada volume awal
gas konstan yaitu sebesar 2,752 x 10-3 m3. Volume awal gas
divariasikan sebesar 2,252 x 10-3 – 3,252 x 10-3 m3 pada tekanan
awal gas konstan yaitu sebesar 1,6 MPa. Serta luas penampang
orifice divariasikan sebesar 6,412 x 10-4 m2 - 6,812 x 10-4
m2 dengan tekanan awal gas dan volume awal gas
konstan yaitu sebesar 1,6 MPa dan 2,752 x 10-3 m3. Terdapat tiga
jenis gas yang digunakan pada simulasi sistem suspensi oleopneumatic
yaitu nitrogen, karbondioksida, dan udara kering.
Input yang digunakan pada tugas akhir ini adalah input
sinusoidal dan bump modified.
Dari sistem suspensi oleo-pneumatic didapatkan bahwa
semakin kecil luas penampang orifice , maka gaya redam
yang dihasilkan akan semakin besar. Semakin besar tekanan awal
gas ( yang digunakan pada sistem suspensi oleo-pneumatic,
maka gaya pegas yang dihasilkan semakin besar. Dan semakin
besar volume awal gas yang digunakan, maka gaya pegas
yang dihasilkan semakin besar. Pada sistem pesawat terbang
dengan penambahan sistem suspensi oleo-pneumatic untuk input
bump modified (kondisi landing), seluruh respon merupakan
respon transient dan mencapai kondisi steady state kurang dari
25 detik. Sedangkan untuk input sinusoidal (kondisi takeoff)
dengan kecepatan pesawat terbang saat takeoff yaitu sebesar 196
knots = 362,992 km/jam, respon dinamis berupa perpindahan,
kecepatan dan percepatan dari penumpang mencapai kondisi
steady state sebelum 15 detik. Dari ketiga jenis gas yang
digunakan pada simulasi, hasil dari nilai RMS untuk percepatan
getaran penumpang adalah tidak ada keluhan (nyaman) apabila
dibandingkan dengan standar ISO 2631.
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The oleo-pneumatic suspension system is a type of
passive suspension system commonly used in airplane which
serves to dampen vibrations in the fuselage due to the impact
energy during the process of landing and excitation energy that is
caused when the plane goes through the uneven runway surface
with a very high speed during the process of takeoff. In the oleopneumatic
suspension system, there are two working fluid in the
hydraulic cylinder that is gas and oil. The parameters of the
suspension system such as shock absorber dimensions, pressure
and volume of the fluid will affect the damping characteristics of
an oleo-pneumatic shock absorber used in airplane.
In this research, modeling and analysis of the effect of
parameter changes in the oleo-pneumatic suspension system
towards the damping force and the spring force and also the
dynamic response of Boeing 747-400 passengers during the
landing and takeoff process. The initial gas pressure ( in the
oleo-pneumatic suspension system was varied from 1.2 Mpa until
2 MPa at a constant initial volume of gas that is equal to 2.752 x 10-3 m3. The initial gas volume was varied from 2.252 x 10-3
m3 until 3.252 x 10-3 m3 at a constant initial gas pressure that is
equal to 1.6 MPa. And the cross-sectional area of orifice
was varied from 6.412 x 10-4 m2 until 6.812 x 10-4 m2 with initial
gas pressure ( and volume constant that is equal to 1.6
MPa and 2.752 x 10-3 m3. There are three types of gases used in
the simulation of oleo-pneumatic suspension system that is
nitrogen, carbondioxide, and dry air. In this research used
sinusoidal and bump modified input.
From oleo-pneumatic suspension system has been known
that the smaller the cross-sectional area of the orifice , then
the damping force generated will be even greater. The greater the
initial pressure of gas ( used in the oleo-pneumatic suspension
system, the spring force generated will be even greater. And the
greater the initial volume of gas is used, the spring force
generated will be even greater. In the airplane system with the
addition of oleo-pneumatic suspension system, for input bump
modified (landing conditions), all of the responses were transient
responses and reached steady state less than 25 seconds. As for
the sinusoidal input (takeoff conditions) with the takeoff speed of
the airplane is equal to 196 knots = 362.992 km/h, the dynamic
response of displacement, velocity and acceleration of the
passengers reached steady state conditions before 15 seconds.
From the three types of gases used in the simulation, the results of
the RMS value for vibration acceleration of passengers were no
complaints (comfortable) when compared to the standard ISO
2631.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 621.904 Hes p |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | sistem suspensi, oleo-pneumatic shock absorber, karakteristik, respon dinamis, parameter. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Users 13 not found. |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jan 2017 06:57 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Dec 2018 08:36 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/1479 |
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