RATNASARI, IRMA and TRISNAWATI, FITRA DIANI (2016) ISOLASI DAN PURIFIKASI XANTHONE DAN COUMARIN DARI MINYAK NYAMPLUNG. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tanaman Calophyllum inophyllum atau yang biasa disebut
Nyamplung di Indonesia. Nyamplung merupakan salah satu jenis
tanaman serba guna dan memiliki banyak khasiat, karena hampir
seluruh bagian tanamannya (batang, daun, bunga, biji, dan getah)
dapat menghasilkan bermacam produk yang dapat dimanfaatkan
untuk berbagai kebutuhan hidup manusia, salah satunya dalam
bidang farmasi. Pada berbagai bagian dari Calophyllum
inophyllum mengandung komponen bioaktif, termasuk
diantaranya adalah kumarin dan xanthone. Dari penelitian yang
pernah dilakukan, senyawa kumarin menunjukkan aktivitas anti
HIV yang termasuk ke dalam NNRTI (Non-Nucleoside Reverse
Transcriptase Inhibitor). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui jumlah kandungan senyawa xanthone dan kumarin
yang dapat diisolasi dari fraksi polar minyak nyamplung. Minyak
nyamplung diekstraksi sebanyak 8 stage, rasio pelarut terhadap
minyak 5:1 (g/g), dan rasio pelarut PE-methanol 98% 75:25 (g/g).
Fase methanol dikumpulkan dan diuapkan untuk mendapatkan
fraksi lemak polar (Polar Lipid Fraction, PLF). Selanjutnya
menerapkan metode stirred batched-wise dengan rasio silica gel
terhadap PLF adalah 6:1 dan 8:1 (g/g) dan rasio perbandingan nhexane
terhadap PLF 10:1 , 15:1, 20:1 dan 25:1 (g/g) pada suhu
20°C. Campuran tersebut diaduk pada kecepatan 1000 rpm
selama 10 menit sampai beberapa batch dan terpisahnya xanthone
dan kumarin. Hasil analisa TLC dari n-hexane pada proses stirred
batch-wise dikelompokkan ke dalam 3 fraksi. Fraksi 1 adalah
hasil analisa TLC n-hexane yang tidak menunjukkan spot
xanthone dan kumarin. Fraksi 2 adalah hasil analisa TLC yang
menunjukkan spot xanthone. Fraksi 3 adalah hasil analisa TLC nhexane
yang menunjukkan spot kumarin. Fraksi xanthone dan
kumarin diuji secara kualitatif dengan TLC (Thin Layer
Chromatography) dan GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry) dan diuji secara kuantitatif dengan
Spectrophotometry UV-VIS. Kadar xanthone pada fraksi 1
terbesar pada variabel rasio silica gel : n-hexane terhadap PLF
6:25:1 sebesar 3,0524%. Pada fraksi 2 kadar xanthone terbesar
terdapat pada variabel 6:20:1 sebesar 4,5009%. Pada fraksi 3
kadar xanthone terbesar terdapat pada variabel 6:25:1 sebesar
16,5230%. Kadar kumarin pada fraksi 1 terbesar pada variabel
8:25:1 sebesar 1,3342%. Pada fraksi 2, kadar kumarin terbesar
terdapat pada variabel 6:25:1 sebesar 5,5287%. Pada fraksi 3,
kadar kumarin terbesar terdapat pada variabel 6:20:1 sebesar
15,2557%. =========================================================================================== Calophyllum inophyllum plant or usually called Nyamplung in Indonesia. Nyamplung is one of multifunction plant and has so many savour because almost every part of the plant (stems, leaves, flowers, seeds, and gums) can produce a variety products that can be used for various human life needs, such as in farmation. In various parts of nyamplung contains several bioactive compounds, which are coumarin and xanthone. From research conducted coumarin showed anti-HIV activity that belongs to the NNRTI (Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor). This research aims to investigate the content of xanthone and coumarin compounds which are able to be isolated from polar lipid fraction of nyamplung oil. Nyamplung oil extracted 8 times, the solvent to oil ratio is 5:1 (g/g), and PE-methanol 98% solvent ratio is 75:25 (g/g). Methanol phase was collected and evaporated to obtain polar lipid fraction (PLF). Furthermore, the stirred batched-wise method was applied with the ratio of silica gel/PLF is 6:1 and 8:1 (g/g) and the ratio of hexane/PLF = 10:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1 (g/g) at the temperature 20°C. The mixture is then stirred at 1000 rpm for 10 minutes until a few batches and coumarin and xanthone obtained. The result of TLC analysis from n-hexane in stirred batch-wise’s process is classified into 3 fraction. First fraction is the result of TLC analysis from n-hexane that there is no spot of xanthone and coumarin. Second fraction is the result of TLC analysis from n-hexane that there is spot of xanthone. Third fraction is the result of TLC analysis that there is spot of coumarin.Coumarin and xanthone fraction then being analysed using TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) for qualitative analysis and analysed using Spectrophotometry UV-VIS for quantitative analysis. The biggest purity of xanthone of first fraction from variable ratio silica gel/n-hexane/PLF 6:25:1 with purity 3,0524%. The biggest purity of xanthone for the second fraction is variable 6:20:1 with purity 4,5009%. The biggest purity of xanthone for the third fraction is variable 6:25:1 with purity 16,5230%. The biggest purity of coumarin of first fraction from variable 8:25:1 with purity 1,3342%. The biggest purity of coumarin for the second fraction is variable 6:25:1 with purity 5,5287%. The biggest purity of coumarin for the third fraction is variable 6:20:1 with purity 15,2557%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Nyamplung, Xanthone, Kumarin, Polar lipid fraction, Stirred batched- wise , TLC, GC-MS , Spectrophotometry UV-vis, |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QK Botany > QK899 Xanthone |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | - Davi Wah |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Jan 2017 06:35 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Dec 2018 06:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/1648 |
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