PRIMANINGRUM, DWI AYU and SARI, DESSY ROSITA (2014) PEMBUATAN PLASTIK BIODEGRADABEL DARI TEPUNG PORANG (Amorphophallus Muelleri Bleum) DENGAN METODE SOLUTION CASTING. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Plastik biodegradabel merupakan plastik yang dapat diurai oleh aktivitas mikroorganisme di alam. Tepung porang yang mengandung glukomanan merupakan bahan utama dalam pembuatan plastik biodegradabel. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan gliserol dan kitosan terhadap kualitas produk.
Plastik biodegradabel dibuat dengan metode solution casting. Pertama-tama asam asetat 0,5% dibuat sebanyak 100mL. Larutan bioplastik dibuat dari kitosan (konsentrasi 0%; 0,5%; 1%; dan 1,5% w/v) yang dilarutkan terlebih dahulu ke dalam 50 mL, ditambahkan 2,5 gram tepung porang, gliserol (konsentrasi 3%, 7%, dan 10% v/v dan ditambahkan air hingga 100ml. Komposisi tersebut kemudian dicampur dan dipanaskan pada suhu 80°C disertai pengadukan. Larutan tersebut sicetak diatas plat kaca dan dikeringkan selama kurang lebih 2 hari., Setelah kering, bioplastik tersbut dilepas dari plat kaca. Kualitas produk diuji terhadap uji mekanik untuk mengetahui tensile strenght, modulus young, dan elongation. Uji biodegradabel dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan urai produk. Uji swelling dilakukan untuk mengetahui ketahanan air dari produk. Uji FTIR dilakukan untuk mengetahui stuktur molekul dari produk.
Transparansi plastik,biodegradabel terbaik adalah 80% dengan komposisi kitosan 0% dan gliserol 7%. Komposisi kitosan 1,5% dan gliserol 3% memberikan hasil terbaik pada uji mekanik dengan nilai tensile strenght 2142857,1 Pa, nilai modulus young 9523809,5 Pa, dan elongation 22,5%, serta hasil terbaik uji swelling sebesar 41,67%. Pada komposisi kitosan 1% dan gliserol 3% dapat terurai pada waktu 6 hari. FTIR digunakan untuk mengetahui struktur molekul dari semua produk yamg merupakan polimer terdiri dari ikatan C-H, O-H, C-O, and CH2.
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Biodegradable plastics could be decomposed with the microorganisms activities in nature. Porang flour containing glucomannan is one of raw material to made biodegradable plastic. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the effect of glycerol and chitosan toward the product quality.
The biodegradable plastic was made by using the solution casting. At first, the 0,5% acetic acid was made in volume 100mL. The solution was made from the composition of chitosan (0%; 0,5%; 1%; and 1,5% w/v) dissolved in 50mL of 0,5% acetic acid, 2,5 grams porang flour, glycerol (3%, 7%, and 10% v/v) and then additional water until 100mL. The composition was mixed and heated at 80°C while stirring. The solution was casted on the glass plate and then dried it for ± 2 days. After drying, the plastic was removed from the glass plate. The product quality was tested toward the mechanical test to examine tensile strenght, elongation, and modulus young. The biodegradable test was conducted to examine the biodegradability. The swelling test was conducted to examine water resistance. The FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) was conducted to examine the molecule structure of product. The better transparency of biodegradable plastic of 80%, was made from without chitosan and 7% glycerol. The composition of 1,5% chitosan and 3% glyserol gives the better mechanical test: 2142857,1 Pa of tensile strenght, 9523809,5 Pa of modulus young, and 22,5% of elongation and gives the better swelling test of 41,67%. Biodegradability was found from the product composition of 1% chitosan and 3% glycerol was decomposed by EM4 for 6 days. FTIR was used to examine the quality of product and it indicates that the all produts were composed by the molecule structure of polymer containing of C-H, O-H, C-O, and CH2.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 620.112 23 Pri p |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | biodegradabel, gliserol, kitosan, umbi porang, biodegradable, glycerol, chitosan, porang flour |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD502 Chemical kinetics T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP255 Electrochemistry, Industrial. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24401-(D3) Diploma 3 |
| Depositing User: | Anis Wulandari |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Jan 2017 03:58 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Sep 2021 02:10 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/1853 |
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